摘要：

即柏木族Cupresseae(包括：柏木属Cupressus、杂交柏属X Cupressocyparis、扁柏屑Chamaecyparis和福建柏属Fokeinia)、侧柏族Thujopsideae(包括：崖柏属Thuja、罗汉柏属Thujopsis和侧柏属laty-ladus)、圆柏族Junlpereae(包括：圆柏属Junzperus和海参威柏属Microbiota)以及香漆柏族Tetraclineae(包括：翠柏属Calt*edrus和香漆柏属Tetraclinis)。澳洲柏亚科又分3族，即澳洲柏族Actinostrobeae(包括：西澳柏属Actinostrobus、澳洲柏属Callitris、智利柏属Fitzroya和杉叶柏属Neocallitropsis)、南非柏族Widdringtoneae(包括：白智利柏属Pilgerodendron、塔斯曼柏属Diselma和南非柏属Widdringtonia)以及甜柏族Libocedreae(包括：甜柏属Libocedrus、巴布亚柏屑Papuacedrus和南美柏属Austrocedrus)。柏科21个属的地理分布可划分为5种类型，即：(1)杂交柏属系英国选出的属间杂交类型；(2)分布非洲、欧洲、亚洲和北美洲的属，有柏木属和圆柏属2个属；(3)东亚—北美洲际间断分布的属，有扁柏属、崖柏属和翠柏属3个属；(4)分布区较窄的属，包括西澳柏属，、澳洲柏属、甜柏屑、巴布亚柏属、南非柏属5个属；(5)单种屑，包括福建柏属、海参威柏属、罗汉柏属、侧柏属、香漆柏属、杉叶柏属、塔斯曼柏属、智利柏屑、南美柏属和白智利柏属等10个属。该科属的3个地理分布中心是：东亚(9属)、北美西南部(5属)、澳大利亚及其东部附近群岛(6属)。此外，地中海沿岸分布3属，智利南部和阿根廷分布3属。

关键词: 柏科, 分类, 地理分布

Abstract:

Cupressaceae and Taxodiaceae have recently been merged under the earlier name

 Cupressaceae s.I. by many authors, as the two families are similar in a number of morpho-

 logical characters. Sciadopitys S. et Z., which has often been treated as a morphologically

 isolated member of the Taxodiaceae, has recently been considered as a monotypic family,

 Sciadopityaceae. The Cupressaceae s.s. may be reorganized into two subfamilies. The Cu

pressoideae is composed of genera with the uppermost cone-scales infertile and can be divided

 into four tribes: Cnpresseae, including Cupressus, X Cupressocyparis, Charnaecyparis and

 Fokeinia;Thujopsideae, including Thuja, Thujopsis and Platycladusl Junipereae, includ-

ing Juniperus and Microbiota; and Tetraclineae, including Calocedrus and Tetraclinis.

The Callitroideae is composed of genera with the uppermost cone-scales fertile and can be divided into three tribes: Actinostrobeae, including Actinostrobus, Callitris, Fitzroya and

Neocallitropsis; Widdringtoneae, including Pilgerodendron, Diselma and Widdringtonia ;

Libocedreae, including Libocedrus, Papuacedrus and Austrocedrus. Five geographical dis-

tribution patterns are recognized in the 21 genera of Cupressaceae. (a) One genus, X Cu-

pressocyparis, is a natural hybrid derived from selections in England; (b) Two genera, Cu-

pressus and Juniperus, are distributed in Africa, Europe, Asia and North America; (c)

Three genera, Thuja, Chamaecyparis, and Calocedrus, are disjnnctly distributed in East-

em Asia and North America; (d) Five genera, Actinostrobus, Callitris, Libocedrus,

Papuacedrus and Widdringtonia, have limited distribution; and (e) The other 10 genera,

which are monotypic, are restricted to narrow areas except Plotycladus. Three centers of

genera diversity are identified in the Cupressaceae, i. e Eastern Asia with nine genera, southwestern North America with five genera, and Australia and its adjacent islands in the east　with six genera, including New Zealand,. Tasmania, New Caledonia, and New Guinea.

Other important areas are western Mediterranean with three genera and Chile and Argentina

with three genera.

Key words: Cupressaceae, Taxonomy, Distribution