玉竹和多花黄精的变异及其亲缘关系初探

中国科学院大学学报

玉竹和多花黄精的变异及其亲缘关系初探

汪劲武, 李懋学, 杨

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1991-11-10 发布日期:1991-11-10
通讯作者: 汪劲武

Variation and Phylogenetic Relationships Between Polygonatum odoratum and P. cyrtonema

Wang Jin-Wu, Li Mao-Xue, Yang Ji

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1991-11-10 Published:1991-11-10
Contact: Wang Jin-Wu

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文在进行居群调查和取样的基础上，从形态学和细胞学角度，对玉竹Polygonatum odoratum (Mill．)Druce和多花黄精P. cyrtonema Hua的各主要变异类型进行了比较研究，结合对变异式样及中间过渡类型的分析，初步探讨了玉竹和多花黄精变异产生的机制、途径及两者间的相互演化关系。

关键词: 玉竹, 多花黄精, 变异, 进化

Abstract:

The present paper is a report on combined cytological and taxonomical studies

of Polygonatum odoratum and P. cyrtonema. Based on the extensive field observation and

mass collection for some years, the authors made a detailed comparison of the variation pat-

tern of morphology、cytology as well as geographic distribution between forms

of P. odoratum and P. cyrtonema. The results show that: Form I: Stem angular, leaves

elliptic, peduncles with one, rarely two flowers, perianth 1.7-2.0 cm long, stamens adnate to

perianth in the middle part or a little lower. The karyotype formula is 2n=20=12m+8sm

(2SAT); Form II: Stem angular, leaves narrow-oblong, peduncles with 2-3 flowers,

perianth 2.8-3.2 cm long, the position of stamens on perianth is above the middle part.

It has the karyotype 2n=20=8m+1osm(4SAT)+2st; Form III: Stem terete, leaves

oblong-lanceolate, peduncles with 3- 10 flowers, perianth 1.5- 2.0cmlong, stamens are

adnate to perianth also above the middle part. In this form, two kinds of karyotypes are

found: 2n = 22 = 6m+8sm+8st and 2n = 20 = 4m+6sm (2SAT) +10st; Form IV: Stem terete,

leaves elliptic, peduncles with 1-4 flowers, perianth 2.3-2.8 cmlong, stamens adnate to

perianth above the middle part. The karyotype formulae are 2n = 20 = 4m+14sm (2SAT)+2st

and 2n = 20 = 10m+10sm (2SAT); Form V: Stem terete, leaves oblong-lanceolate, peduncles

with 3-5 flowers, perianth less than 2.0cm long, stamens adnate to perianth above the mid-

dle part. It is of the karyotype 2n=22=4m+8sm(2SAT) +10st. It is pointed out that

the P. odoratum collected from the Qinling Range may be a hybrid or an intermediate in the

evolutionary process from P. odoratum to P. cyrtonema. The differences between the differ-

ent forms of P. cyrtonema are obvious and stable, and are probably derived from the

chromosomal variation. The different forms of P. cyrtonema may have evolved

from P. odoratum along different courses.

Key words: Polygonatum odoratum, P. cyrtoncma, Variation, Evolution

汪劲武, 李懋学, 杨. 玉竹和多花黄精的变异及其亲缘关系初探[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.

Wang Jin-Wu, Li Mao-Xue, Yang Ji. Variation and Phylogenetic Relationships Between Polygonatum odoratum and P. cyrtonema[J]. .

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