几种人参属植物的细胞分类学研究

中国科学院大学学报

几种人参属植物的细胞分类学研究

杨涤清

(庐山植物园)

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1981-08-18 发布日期:1981-08-18
通讯作者: 杨涤清

The cyto-taxonomic studies on some species of Panax L.

Yang Di-Qing

(Lushan Botanical Garden)

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1981-08-18 Published:1981-08-18
Contact: Yang Di-Qing

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

摘要

1．观察到四种人参属植物的体细胞染色体数目为：竹节参(P．japonicus)

2n＝24，三七(P．notoginseng)2n＝24，人参(P．ginseng)2n＝44，西洋参

(P．quinquefolius)2n＝48。其中，野生于江西省庐山和井冈山的竹节参的体细

胞染色体数目，不同于日本植物(2n＝48)；三七的体细胞染色体数目则为首次

报道。

2．分布区最广的二倍体物种竹节参，应是本属中较原始的类群，四倍体物

种人参、西洋参等可能是本属中较进化的类群。这个结论不同于化学分类学所

得到的结果。

3．结合这四个种的地理分布资料分析，我们认为：我国的西南地区是本属

的现代分布中心，也是本属的最大变异中心，很可能是本属的始生中心。

Abstract:

Abstract

1. It was observed that somatic chromosome numbers of four species of the genus

Panax L. are as follows: Panax japonicus 2n=24, P. notoginseng 2n=24, P. ginseng

2n=44 and P. quinquefolius 2n=48. The somatic chromosome numbers of P. japonicus

from Lushan and Jinggangshan (Jiangxi Province, China) is different from that of

Japanese population (2n=48). The chromosome numbers (2n=24) of P. notoginseng is

first reported.

2. The P. japonicus, one of the diploid species, which has the widest geographical

distribution is perhaps the more primitive type among the living species of Panax.

While, the P. ginseng and P. quinquefolius, the tetraploid species, are more advanced

types than the diploid species. The conclusion from cytotaxonomy is thus different

from that of chemical taxonomy.

3. The cytological analysis together with the geographic distribution of this four

species shows that the Southwestern China is the modern distribution center, also the

most variational center, and perhaps the center of origin for the genus Panax L.

杨涤清. 几种人参属植物的细胞分类学研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.