细沟侵蚀可蚀性参数及土壤临界抗剪应力的有理(实验)求解方法

doi:10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2004.4.007

中国科学院大学学报 ›› 2004, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (4): 468-475.DOI: 10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2004.4.007

细沟侵蚀可蚀性参数及土壤临界抗剪应力的有理(实验)求解方法

张晴雯, 雷廷武, 潘英华, 高佩玲

中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点试验室, 杨凌 712100

发布日期:2004-07-10
基金资助:
教育部项目(重大0110);中国科学院知识创新重要研究项目(KZCX3SW422(01));国外杰出人才基金(982602)资助

Rational Computational Method of Soil Erodibility andCritical Shear Stress from Experimental Data

ZHANG Qing-Wen, LEI Ting-Wu, PAN Ying-Hua, GAO Pei-Ling

Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China

Published:2004-07-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用室内细沟侵蚀模拟试验结果,把细沟可蚀性参数和土壤临界抗剪应力的研究与侵蚀的过程结合起来,通过对土壤水蚀预报模型WEEP中控制土壤侵蚀的水动力学模型进行理论分析,导出了由实验直接计算得到细沟侵蚀可蚀性参数Kr 值及土壤临界抗剪切应力τc的方法.由推导得到的计算方法与计算公式,求得了不同工况下细沟侵蚀可蚀性参数及相应的临界抗剪切应力值.结果表明,对于同一种土壤,在不同的水动力学条件下,计算得到的细沟侵蚀可蚀性参数基本是一致的.对于实验所用的黄绵土,计算得到的细沟可蚀性参数Kr 均值为( 0 32 4± 0 0 0 3)kg·N-1·s-1.临界抗剪切应力τc 随坡度的增大有增大的趋势.不同水动力条件下回归系数值均大于 0 71.提出的计算细沟侵蚀可蚀性参数Kr 值及土壤临界抗剪切应力τc的方法,将有助于建立和完善土壤侵蚀预报过程模型.

关键词: 求解法, 细沟侵蚀可蚀性参数, 土壤临界抗剪切应力, 水动力学模型

Abstract:

With the analysis of the Water Erosion Prediction Project ( WEEP), simulated rill experiment inlaboratory was conducted to determine the soil erodibility parameter K r and critical shear stressc. The result showsthat soil erodibility parameter K r is the same for a same experimental soil with similar soil physical condit ions underdifferent slope gradients. Soil erodibility parameter K r of used sil-t clay soil ( Loess soil ) is ( 0324-0003) kg??N_-1 ??s_-1 on the average. Critical shear stressc tends to increasewith the slope gradient, for 3198 N??m_-2,3976Nm_-2, 4043 N??m_-2, 4165 N??m_-2,4??870 N??m_-2 under5°,10°??, 15°, 20°, 25°respectively?? The coefficients ofdetermination Rare more than 71% under different hydraulic condit ions. The paper advances a rational method tocalculate quant itatively the soil erodibility parameter K r and critical shear stressc, which is helpful for developingand perfecting the soil erosion prediction model.

Key words: experimental determination, soil erodibility parameter K r, critical shear stressc, soil erosionpredict ion model

中图分类号:

S157

张晴雯, 雷廷武, 潘英华, 高佩玲. 细沟侵蚀可蚀性参数及土壤临界抗剪应力的有理(实验)求解方法[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2004, 21(4): 468-475.

ZHANG Qing-Wen, LEI Ting-Wu, PAN Ying-Hua, GAO Pei-Ling. Rational Computational Method of Soil Erodibility andCritical Shear Stress from Experimental Data[J]. , 2004, 21(4): 468-475.

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细沟侵蚀可蚀性参数及土壤临界抗剪应力的有理(实验)求解方法

Rational Computational Method of Soil Erodibility andCritical Shear Stress from Experimental Data

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