中国水玉簪属Burmannia L.区系特征的初步研究

中国科学院大学学报

中国水玉簪属Burmannia L.区系特征的初步研究

李恒

(中国科学院昆明植物研究所)

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1983-05-18 发布日期:1983-05-18
通讯作者: 李恒

A Preliminary Study on the Floristic Features of the Genus Burmannia in China

Li Heng

(Kunming Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica)

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1983-05-18 Published:1983-05-18
Contact: Li Heng

摘要/Abstract

Abstract:

The genus Burmannaia is one of the largest genera in the Burmanniaceae, of which

12 species have been recorded in China. It is mainly a tropical genus. The species

in China are all confined to the region south of Yangtze River. They are distributed

chiefly in the provinces Guangdong (9 species) and Yunnan (6 species). After having

studied the areas of all the species in China, we are able to classify them into follow-

ing 4 area-types:

1. Area-type of Tropical Asia to Tropical Australia. The two non-saprophytic

species (Burmannia disticha, B. caelestis) and one saprophytic (B. championii) belong

to this area-type. It is an ancient type. The plants of this type mostly have a wide

ecological amplitude, for example, B. disticha may be found in tropical and subtropical

regions. The plants occur not only in evergreen forests, in bushs, but also in rather

arid herbosa and on the side of streams (Fig. 2).

2. Area-type of Tropical SE Asia. In the type are 3 saprophytic species i.e.

B. oblonga, B. wallichii and B. nepalensis.

3. Area-type of E. Asia. (Fig. 3) Burmannia in China with E. Asian distribu-

tion is poor in species. There are only 2 saprophytic species. B. cryptopetala is distri-buted in Haina (China), Kyushu and Honshu (Japan); B. itoana occurs in Taiwan

(China), Riukiu and Kyushu (Japan). They are known only on the islands of E. Asia.

Such a pattern of distribution may suggest connection of these islands once in the prehistoric time in spite of their present isolation.

4. Endemic area-type. (Fig. 4). Here are 3 saprophytic species and one variety

with green leaves. B. nana occurs only in E. Taiwan. One of the two new species

described by present author in this paper, B. fadouensis, is known from Xichou Xiao,

S. E. Yunnan, to Longzhou Xian of the province Gaunxi; the other one, B. pingbien-

ensis occurs only in Pinbien Xian of S. E. Yunnan. The last species is endemic to China.

B. pusilla var. hongkongensis is non-saprophytic and known from the province Guang-

dong and its bordering islands. Both B. fadouensis and B. pingbienensis are characte-

rized by the axillary bulbils, which enable them to adapt to rather arid and cold condi-

tions in northern part of the tropical region.

李恒. 中国水玉簪属Burmannia L.区系特征的初步研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.

Li Heng. A Preliminary Study on the Floristic Features of the Genus Burmannia in China[J]. .