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铃兰族的花粉研究及夏须草属的系统位置的探讨

汤彦承, 张无休   

  1. （中国科学院植物研究所）
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1985-04-18 发布日期:1985-04-18
  • 通讯作者: 汤彦承

Pollen Morphology of Convallarieae (Liliaceae) and Systematic Position of Theropogon Maxim.

Tang Yan-Cheng, Zhang Wu-Xiu   

  1. (Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica, Beijing)
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1985-04-18 Published:1985-04-18
  • Contact: Tang Yan-Cheng

关键词: 百合科, 铃兰族, 花粉, 显微结构, 超显微结构, 夏须草属, 系统位置

Abstract:

In the present paper the pollen grains of Convallaria majalis L., Speirantha gardenii (Hook.) Baill., Reineckea carnea (Andr.) Kunth and Theropogon pallidus (Wall. ex Kunth) Maxim., all the unique member of their own genus in the tribe Convallarieae were examined under light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).  They can be divided into two groups. The Pollen grains of the first three species are larger (39.95-49.35×21.15-30.55 μ ), with thick granular-finely-reticulate or finely reticulate (LM) and finely reticulate (SEM) exine, and with distinct differentiation of sexine and nexine.  The pollen grains of the other species are much smaller (25.85×18.8μ), with thin psilate (LM) and minutely granular (SEM) exine, and with indistinct differentiation of sexine and nexine.  According to Nair and Sharma (1965), the exine surface ornamentation is a significant morphological character helping a great deal in the categorization of various genera and species within Liliaceae. The wide range of exine patterns provides ample evidence for tracing pollen evolution within the family from a retipilate to psilate condition by the processes of fusion, zonation and reduction.  If their viewpoint is correct, the pollen of Theropogon may be regarded as a type more advanced than that of the remaining 3 genera of the tribe Convallarieae.  Besides the differences in pollen morphology, Theropogon also differs from the other 3 genera in the characters listed in the table.  The data taken from the other authors are indicated.
     Though there are some significant differences between Theropogon and the other 3 genera, the present authors, in a discreet attitude, merely point out the problematic systematic position of Theropogon in the tribe and would like neither hastily to give it a subtribal or tribal rank nor to transfer it to another tribe before an overall study.
 
Character
Theropogon pallidus
Convallaria majalis
Speirantha gardenii
Reineckea carnea
Root system
  stout  rhizome
without stolon
  stout rhizome with
slender stolon
  stout rhizome
with slender stolon
  creeping stolon
without rhizome
  Bracteole at the
base of pedicel
present
absent
absent
absent
  Chromosome number (2n)
         40
(kurosawa 1977)
        38
(Therman 1956)
           38
(Yang et Zhu 1983)
        38
(Therman 1956)
  Nectiferous cells
of perianth
  lower adaxial base
of outer tepal with
a zone of  nectife-
rous(secretory)cells
(Utech 1979)
  absent from the
inner surface of the
floral tube
(Utech 1979)
 
 
  Vascular system
of gynoecium
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  ventral  plexus:
simple   ascending
ventral (V) supply
with direct, horizo-
ntal funicular (F)
supply; two ventr-
als (V) per septum
(Utech 1979)
 
 
 
   ventral  plexus:
simple ascending ve
ntral  (V) supply
with parallel, asce-
nding placental bu-
ndles, funicular(F)
traces associated
(1:1) with place-
ntal (P) bundles;
two ventrals (V)
per  septum,  four
or more placentals
per septum
(Utech 1979)
 
 
bmbryo sac
  Polygonum-type
(Stenar 1953)
  modified Allium-
type
(Stenar 1953)
(Maheshwari 1950)
 
 

Key words: Liliaceae, Convallarieae, Pollen grain, Microstructure, Ultrastructure, Theropogon, Systematic position.

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