菊科福王草属的分类界限及中国菊科植物一新属——紫菊属

中国科学院大学学报

菊科福王草属的分类界限及中国菊科植物一新属——紫菊属

石铸

（中国科学院植物研究所，北京）

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1987-06-18 发布日期:1987-06-18
通讯作者: 石铸

On Circumscription of the Genus Prenanthes L. and Notoseris Shih — A New Genus of Compositae from China

Shih Chu

(lnstitute of Botany, Academia Sinica, Beijing)

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1987-06-18 Published:1987-06-18
Contact: Shih Chu

摘要/Abstract

关键词: 福王草属, 分类界限, 紫菊属, 耳菊属

Abstract:

After having examined all specimens of the genus Prenanthes L. of Compositae in

the Herbarium of Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica, I find that the classic concept on the

genus Prenanthes established by G. Bentham in 1873 has not been held exactly by some of Euro-

pean, American, Japanese and Chinese botanists. For example, W. B. Hemsley, S. T. Dunn, A.

Franchet, S. Kitamura and C. C. Chang placed plants from China which belong to other groups

into the genus; I also find that the classic concept of the genus is not clear. The present paper

makes a revision not only on the classic concept of the genus, but also on its concept assumed by

the above-mentionded botanists.

With the combination of numerous (25-35), white or yellow ligular florets, numerous ribs

of achenes, Prenanthes alba L. (Nabalus albus (L.) Shih, comb. nov.) is distinctly different

from Prenanthes purpurea L., which has the combination of purple, few (5-15) ligular flo-

rests and few ribs of achenes. Nabalus Cass., as a genus established early (1825) by H. Cassini,

should be restored. It is not reasonable to treat Nabalus as a subgenus (E. B. Babcock et al.

1947) or a section (S. Kitamura, 1956) or as a synonym (G. Bentham, 1983) of the genus

Preanathes L.

The present author recognizes seven species in the new revised genus Prenanthes L. in

China, 4 of which are described as new. In the genus Nabalus Cass. only one species, N.

ochroleuca Maxim., is distributed in Northeast China.

As Lactuca melanantha Franch. (1895), Prenanthes henryi Dunn (1903), P. glandulosa

Dunn (1903), Lactuca triflora Hemsl. (1888) (it was transferred to Prenanthes L. by C. C.

Chang in 1934), Prenanthes formosana Kitam. (1934) and P. wilsoni Chang (1934) all have

campanulate involucres, purple phyllaries, purple dorsi-ventrally compressed achenes, longitu-

dinal rids 6-9 on each side of achene truncate and beakless at its apex and pilose tubes of co-

rollae, they should be placed neither into the genus Prenanthes with obtusely tri-or pentagonous,

subterete achenes and glabrous tubes of corollae, nor into the genus Lactuca with beak achenes.

Besides the above-mentioned species misnamed by some of foreign and Chinese botanists, 6 other

species also have the same structure in achenes and corollae. Evidently, they fall into a new

genus with the name Notoseris Shih.

The new genus Notoseris Shih of the tribe Lactuceae of Compositae seems to be more re-

miniscent of Lactuca L. than of Prenanthes L. emend.

All the 12 species of the genus Notoseris Shih are endemic to China and distributed in the

area of south of Yantze River. Of them 6 are new combinations and 6 are described as new.

Key words: Prenanthes, Taxonomical circumscription, Notoseris, Nabalus

石铸. 菊科福王草属的分类界限及中国菊科植物一新属——紫菊属[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.

Shih Chu. On Circumscription of the Genus Prenanthes L. and Notoseris Shih — A New Genus of Compositae from China[J]. .

[1]	石铸. 四川紫菊属二新种[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1989, 27(6): 457-460.
[2]	石铸. 菊科莴苣属订正及亚洲大陆菊科植物二新属[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1988, 26(5): 382-393.