巴柑檬及其近缘种的精油成分和化学分类研究

中国科学院大学学报

巴柑檬及其近缘种的精油成分和化学分类研究

黄远征, 陈树群, 何宗英, 陈全友, 吴云伦

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1992-05-18 发布日期:1992-05-18
通讯作者: 黄远征

A Study on Chemical Components of Essential Oils from Citrus bergamia and Its Close Relatives and Its Taxonomy

Huang Yuan-Zheng, Chen Shu-Qun, He Chung-Ying, Chen Quan-You, Wu Yun-Lun

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1992-05-18 Published:1992-05-18
Contact: Huang Yuan-Zheng

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

用毛细管气相色谱法、色谱一质谱联用法分析了巴柑檬及其有关近缘种——来檬、尤力克柠檬、摩洛哥酸橙、代代酸橙和蚌柑酸橙等植物的叶片和果皮精油的化学成分。结果表明：巴柑檬叶片精油的化学组成与三种酸橙叶片精油的化学组成基本相同，而与来檬或尤力克柠檬叶片精油的化学组成相差较大。但巴柑檬果皮精油的化学组成不同于酸橙、来檬或尤力克柠檬的果皮精油的化学组成，而是介于酸橙叶片精油和来檬果皮精油化学组成之间，它既含有像酸橙叶片精油中那样大量的芳樟醇(22．20％)和乙酸芳樟酯(32．66％)，又含有像来檬果皮精油中那样较大量的柠檬烯(29．94％)。说明巴柑檬与酸橙和来檬特别是与酸橙有较密切的亲缘关系，可能是酸橙与来檬的自然杂种。这一结果支持了Sinclair，W．B．的观点。

关键词: 巴柑檬, 精油, 化学分类

Abstract:

Citrus bergamia Risso. is a rare perfumery plant. Taxonomists have different views

on the taxonomy of C. bergamia. Chemical components of leaf and peel essential oils from C.

bergamia, and its close relatives, C. limon, C. aurantifolia and three varieties of C. aurantium,

were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The analytical result shows that the chemical composi-

tions of the leaf essential oils from C. bergamia are basically the same as those from three va-

rieties of C. aurantium. Their main components are linalool (29.19-39.75% )and linalyl

acetate (24.73-30.24% )etc., and contents of other components are also similar. But their

peel essential oils are different. The peel essential oils from C. bergamia contain less limonene

(29.94%) than those from C. aurantium (92.55-94.31% ) and less beta-pinene (3.00%) and

y-terpinene(3.48% )than those from C. limon or C. aurantifolia (respectiyely 9.16% and

10.42% ) . The peel essential oils from C. bergamia contain not only as much linalool

(22.20%) and linalyl acetate (32.66%)as those in the leaf essential oils from C. aurantium,

but also as much limonene(29.94% )as that in the peel essential oils from C. limon or C.

aurantifolia . The contents of limonene are close to those of the essential oils from C.

aurantifolia.

This result shows that C. bergamia may be a natural hybrid between C.

aurantium and C. aurantifolia, as proposed by Sinclair W. B.

Key words: Citrus bergamia, Essential oil, Chemotaxonomy

黄远征, 陈树群, 何宗英, 陈全友, 吴云伦. 巴柑檬及其近缘种的精油成分和化学分类研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.

Huang Yuan-Zheng, Chen Shu-Qun, He Chung-Ying, Chen Quan-You, Wu Yun-Lun. A Study on Chemical Components of Essential Oils from Citrus bergamia and Its Close Relatives and Its Taxonomy[J]. .

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