松果采摘对种子库及动物影响的探讨

doi:10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2005.5.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

根据食物链原理和动物与生境密切的关系,探讨了松果采摘对长白山自然保护区动物的影响.认为松果采摘后,一方面松籽没有动物帮助搬运,使红松不能正常天然更新,影响了红松林生态系统正常演替而破坏了动物生境;另一方面使得保护区内以松籽为主要食物来源的动物因缺少食物而发生数量变化,致使食物链遭受破坏,从而导致红松林中动物分布发生变化.

关键词: 长白山自然保护区, 松果采摘, 种子库, 动物分布, 食物链

Abstract:

In the Changbai Mountain Natural Reserve, there were more than 250 terrestrial vertebrate species, accounting for over 69 %of animals in Changbai Mountain.Many of them were rare and endangered species.Every year there are Korean pine trees that can produce fruit cones in original Korean pine forests, providing a lot of food for animals,which depend on cones very much.However, because of continuously commercial cone-picking, these cones on Korean pine trees sharply became fewer in number in a short time and most of them were dropped during cone-picking.The density of Korean pine seeds on the floor was 1582 ～ 2640 hm-which accounted for 0.3 %～ 0.5 % of that in the 1970s.Furthermore, over 67.8 %of those seeds were rotten in Korean pine forests.As a result, they would badly affect natural regeneration of Korean pines and the food source of animals.Therefore, the impacts of cone-picking on animals were discussed according to the principle of food chains and the relationships between animals and habitats.The result indicated that, on the one hand,Korean pine could not regenerate naturally without animals' help,which affected the normal succession of Korean pine forests thus destroying habitats.On the other hand, animals' number would change because of lack of Korean pine seeds in Korean pine forests, which would destroy food chains there so that distribution of animals will alter in Korean pine forests of Changbai Mountain Natural Reserve.

Key words: Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve, cone-picking, seed bank, distribution of animals, food chains

中图分类号:

S718.5

刘足根, 姬兰柱, 朱教君. 松果采摘对种子库及动物影响的探讨[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2005, 22(5): 596-603.

LIU Zu-Gen, JI Lan-Zhu, ZHU Jiao-Jun. Impact of Cone-Picking on Seed Banks and Animals[J]. , 2005, 22(5): 596-603.

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