简报青藏高原高寒草原土壤微生物量对氮磷肥添加的响应

doi:10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2018.03.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 土壤微生物在维持和提高高寒草地植被生产力水平、改善土壤环境等方面起着重要作用，基于连续2年（2014和2015年）的小区施肥控制试验，探讨高寒草原土壤剖面微生物量碳、氮对氮、磷肥添加的响应。结果如下。1）施用无机氮、磷肥对土壤微生物量碳的影响主要表现在0~10 cm土层，其均值分别是10~20 cm和20~30 cm土层的1.67倍和1.28倍。2）单施高量氮肥显著降低土壤微生物量碳、氮含量，N₂P₀（15g N/m²，0g P₂O₅/m²）处理0~10 cm和10~20 cm土层的微生物量碳分别比空白处理显著降低60.39%和29.2%；在施磷肥的基础上增施氮肥提高土壤微生物量碳、氮含量，当施磷30g P₂O₅/m²时，施氮15g N/m²处理0~10 cm土层微生物量碳比不施氮处理增加61.54%，差异显著。3）单施磷肥各土层微生物量碳、氮含量相对于空白均无显著差异；在施氮15g N/m²的基础上增施15和30g P₂O₅/m²磷肥，0~10 cm土层微生物量碳含量比不施磷处理分别显著增加159.8%和279.98%，10~20 cm土层微生物量氮含量分别显著增加53.78%和38.66%；施磷7.5g P₂O₅/m²时，10~20cm土层微生物量氮含量比不施磷处理显著增加68.35%。

关键词: 高寒草原, 养分添加, 微生物量碳, 微生物量氮

Abstract: Soil microbes play an important role in maintaining and improving plant productivity as well as soil quality. Based on a two-year field experiment of fertilizer application to an alpine steppe on the Tibetan Plateau, effects of nitrogen and phosphorus addition on soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN) contents in the upper 30cm soil were studied. The results are given as follows. 1) Nitrogen and phosphate addition influenced soil MBC content mainly in the 0-10cm soil layer, and the content was 1.67 times and 1.28 times the contents in the 10-20cm and 20-30cm soil layers, respectively. 2) Sole nitrogen addition significantly decreased soil MBC and MBN contents, whereas nitrogen application in addition to phosphorus fertilization increased soil MBC and MBN contents. 3) Phosphorus fertilization alone had no significant effect on soil MBC and MBN contents. Combined with nitrogen fertilizer at the N₂ level of 15g N/m², phosphorus application at the levels of 15 and 30g P₂O₅/m² (i.e., P₂ and P₃ levels) significantly increased MBC content in the 0-10cm soil layer and MBN content in the 10-20cm soil layer, as compared with control treatment. Furthermore, MBN content in the 10-20cm soil layer was also significantly higher in the N₂P₁ (15g N/m² and 7.5g P₂O₅/m²) treatment than CK treatment.

Key words: alpine steppe, phosphorus addition, microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen

中图分类号:

S158
S812.2

赵国强, 王淑平, 崔骁勇, 董俊夫, 常旭卉, 汪诗平. 简报青藏高原高寒草原土壤微生物量对氮磷肥添加的响应[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2018, 35(3): 417-424.

ZHAO Guoqiang, WANG Shuping, CUI Xiaoyong, DONG Junfu, CHANG Xuhui, WANG Shiping. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus application on soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen contents on an alpine grassland on Tibetan Plateau[J]. , 2018, 35(3): 417-424.

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