藏东南墨脱海拔梯度上农业活动对土壤无机氮含量的影响

doi:10.7523/j.ucas.2023.043

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以藏东南墨脱地区海拔800~2 000 m的垂直带为研究区域，沿海拔梯度采集10组农田与森林土壤样品，研究农业活动对土壤无机氮的影响并明确其影响因素。结果表明：农业活动会显著改变土壤无机氮的含量与分布，0~10 cm表层土壤易受影响，开垦后NH⁺₄-N减少NO^-₃-N增加；森林土壤无机氮含量在各土层间差异不显著，农田各土层土壤无机氮含量差异大；森林土壤无机氮受到海拔、土壤温度、含水量以及pH值影响；农田土壤无机氮对环境变化不敏感，开垦后土壤无机氮变化由土壤温度与pH值决定。因此，合理的管理措施对实现区域农业可持续发展十分重要。

关键词: 藏东南, 海拔垂直带, 农业活动, 土壤无机氮, 墨脱

Abstract: Soil inorganic nitrogen (SIN, NH⁺₄-N, and NO^-₃-N) is a vital indicator of soil N supply. Studying the current status of farmlands’ soil inorganic nitrogen (SIN) on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is important to achieve the sustainability of plateau agriculture development. Ten pairs of farmland and forest soils were collected along the sampling gradient from 800 to 2 000 m (a.s.l.) in Motuo of southeastern Xizang, to investigate the effects of agricultural activities on SIN and clarify the environmental drivers of SIN. The results have shown that human activities significantly changed the concentration and spatial distribution pattern of SIN in farmlands. The topsoil (0-10 cm) was vulnerable to human activities. NH⁺₄-N concentration of topsoil decreased significantly and NO^-₃-N concentration increased significantly after reclamation. The SIN of the forests did not differ significantly among layers, but large differences were seen in the farmlands’ SIN among layers. SIN in forest ecosystems was influenced by altitude, soil temperature, soil moisture, and pH value, while agricultural ecosystems were not sensitive to environmental factors. The change amount of SIN after reclamation was mainly determined by soil temperature and soil pH value. In conclusion, reasonable agricultural management is necessary to achieve sustainable development of regional agriculture.

Key words: Southeastern Xizang, transect sampling, farmlands, soil inorganic nitrogen, Motuo

中图分类号:

S154.1

雷昊晶, 旭日, 曲松波, 沙马日布, 李凤滋, 张林, 梁尔源. 藏东南墨脱海拔梯度上农业活动对土壤无机氮含量的影响[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2025, 42(3): 328-338.

LEI Haojing, XU Ri, QU Songbo, SHAMA Ribu, LI Fengzi, ZHANG Lin, LIANG Eryuan. Effects of agricultural activities on soil inorganic nitrogen along an altitudinal gradient in Motuo, Southeastern Xizang, China[J]. Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2025, 42(3): 328-338.

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