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面向低轨遥感数据传输的负载感知动态激光建链优化方法*

冯志强, 胡海鹰, 刘高赛, 田丰, 杨子健   

  1. 中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院,上海 201304;
    中国科学院大学,北京 100049;
    上海微小卫星工程中心,上海 201304
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-05 修回日期:2025-11-24 发布日期:2025-12-29
  • 通讯作者: †E-mail:huhy@microsate.com
  • 作者简介:作者简介:冯志强:男,博士生,高级工程师,研究方向为卫星通信,空间信息网络;胡海鹰:男,博士,研究员,研究方向为空间信息网络,卫星系统设计;刘高赛:男,博士,助理研究员,研究方向空间信息网络;田丰:男,博士,研究员,研究方向空间信息网络;杨子健:男,博士,高级工程师,研究方向空间信息网络
  • 基金资助:
    *中国科学院青年创新促进会 (2021000012)资助

Load-Aware Dynamic Laser Link Establishment Optimization Method for Low Earth Orbit Remote Sensing Data Transmission

FENG Zhiqiang, HU Haiying, LIU Gaosai, TIAN Feng, YANG Zijian   

  1. Innovation Academy for Microsatellite, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201304, China;
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    Shanghai Engineering Centre for Microsatellites, Shanghai 201304, China
  • Received:2025-06-05 Revised:2025-11-24 Published:2025-12-29

摘要: 针对低轨遥感星座在重点区域观测任务下突发流量激增的问题,本文提出一种基于负载感知的动态激光链路建链优化方法(Load-Aware Dynamic Laser-linking Strategy, LADLS)。首先,构建遥感任务模型,量化长期、周期与突发任务产生的数据量,并结合星下点与热点区域位置,识别高负载区。进一步引入卫星负载增量计算方法,在轨道周期尺度划分时间片,精细刻画星座负载状态。为缓解高负载区链路拥塞,设计面向任务下传的链路规划策略,提出负载驱动的层间激光链路建立原则,并通过最小代价最大流模型规划建链,提高带宽利用效率与区域负载均衡。该方法兼顾拓扑动态性与控制成本,提升重点区域高密度观测场景下的数据回传能力。仿真结果表明,该方法可有效抑制网络拥塞,降低传输时延与数据丢失风险,具备良好工程应用价值。

关键词: 低轨卫星, 星座路由, 星座网络, 激光通信, 动态建链

Abstract: To address the issue of sudden traffic surges caused by intensive observation tasks in key regions for low Earth orbit (LEO) remote sensing constellations, this paper proposes a Load-Aware Dynamic Laser-linking Strategy (LADLS). Firstly, a remote sensing task model is established to quantify data volumes generated by long-term, periodic, and emergent missions. Combined with sub-satellite point trajectories and hotspot region locations, high-load areas are identified. A satellite load increment calculation method is introduced, dividing orbital periods into time slices to precisely characterize constellation load states. To alleviate link congestion in high-load regions, a task-oriented link planning strategy is designed, proposing load-driven inter-satellite laser link establishment principles. The minimum-cost maximum-flow model is employed to optimize link configuration, enhancing bandwidth utilization efficiency and regional load balancing. This method balances topological dynamics with control costs, significantly improving data return capabilities in high-density observation scenarios for critical areas. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach effectively mitigates network congestion, reduces transmission latency and packet loss risks, showing promising engineering application value.

Key words: LEO satellites, constellation routing, satellite constellation networks, laser communications, dynamic link establishment

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