我国野生花卉的染色体观察

中国科学院大学学报

我国野生花卉的染色体观察

龚维忠, 龙雅宜

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1990-03-10 发布日期:1990-03-10
通讯作者: 龚维忠

Observation on Chromosomes of Wildflowers in China

Gong Wei-Zhong, Long Ya-Yi

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1990-03-10 Published:1990-03-10
Contact: Gong Wei-Zhong

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文报道了原产我国北方的7种常见野生耐寒花卉的染色体数目或核型，即猫儿菊、二月兰、大

花剪秋萝、地黄、华北蓝盆花、长白山罂粟与细叶毛萼麦瓶草。后三种为首次报道。

关键词: 野生花卉, 染色体数, 核型

Abstract:

In this paper 7 species of wildflowers were collected from Beijing suburb and Jilin

Province. They are all common sightly and hardy perennials in their localities (See the Appen-

dix for detail of the materials). The micrographs of their somatic metaphases are shown in Pl-

ate 1; the karyotype formulae, ranges of chromosome length and classification of karyotypes ac-

cording to Stebbins (1971) are shown in Table 1; the idiograms of 5 species in Figs. 1-5. The

karyotype analysis is made on the basis of Li and Chen (1985)⁽¹⁾.

The essential points are as follows; (1) Ten pairs of chromosomes of Achyrophorus cilia-

tus are all submetacentric (sm). (2) Twelve pairs of chromosomes are all metacentric (m), and

the short arms of the seventh pair of chromosomes with a pair of satellites in Orychophragmus

violaceus. (3) The seventh and nineth pairs of chromosomes are sm and the short arms of lat-

ter with satellites in Silene repens var. angustifolia. It is reported for the first time. (4) In Sca-

biosa tschiliensis. the first, fourth, fifth and eighth pairs of chromosomes are sm, the sixth is ter-

minal (t). The second and seventh are subterminal (st), the third is m. There are satellites on

the short arms of third and seventh pairs. It is reported for the first time. (5) The eleventh pair

of chromosomes is sm and the others are all m. The short arms of the twelfth pairs with satel-

lites in Lychnis fulgens. (6) The chromosome number (2n) is 42, with a pair of satellites in Pa-

paver pseudo-radicatum. It is also reported for the first time. (7) The chromosome number is

2n=56 with two pairs of satellites in Rehmannia glutinosa.

Key words: Wildflower, Chromosome, China

龚维忠, 龙雅宜. 我国野生花卉的染色体观察[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.

Gong Wei-Zhong, Long Ya-Yi. Observation on Chromosomes of Wildflowers in China[J]. .

[1]	谢珍玉, 郑成木. 中国海南岛13种菊科植物的细胞学研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2003, 41(6): 545-552.
[2]	李玉阁,郭卫红,吴伯骥. 国产七种和一变种兰属植物的核型研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2002, 40(5): 406-413.
[3]	宋葆华,张学杰,李法曾,万鹏. 国产十四种苋属植物的染色体数目[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2002, 40(5): 428-432.
[4]	杨亲二. 国产毛茛科银莲花族十七种植物的细胞学研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2002, 40(5): 396-405.
[5]	王勇,王青锋,郭友好,Gituru W. Robert. 江西九江新公园猫爪草染色体数目错误报道的更正[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2001, 39(6): 523-525.
[6]	杨亲二. 国产12种乌头属和18种翠雀属植物的细胞学研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2001, 39(6): 502-514.
[7]	李秀兰,林汝顺,冯学琳,祁仲夏,宋文芹,陈瑞阳. 中国部分丛生竹类染色体数目报道[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2001, 39(5): 433-442.
[8]	杨亲二. 国产毛茛属11种及其4个近缘属5种植物的细胞学研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2001, 39(5): 405-422.
[9]	何兴金,许介眉. 中国葱属单生组4种植物的核型研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2001, 39(5): 423-432.
[10]	杨亲二. 云南西北部毛茛属一新种——文采毛茛及其核型[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2000, 38(6): 551-556.
[11]	李秀兰,刘松,宋文芹,陈瑞阳,王云珠. 40种散生竹的染色体数目[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1999, 37(6): 541-544.
[12]	孔宏智,刘建全. 中国特有属——羽叶点地梅属的细胞学研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1999, 37(5): 445-450.
[13]	王彦红, 马金双, 刘全儒. 八种国产大戟属植物的核型报道[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1999, 37(4): 394-402.
[14]	朱世梅,许介眉. 葱属薤白的核型分化[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1999, 37(3): 269-278.
[15]	景望春,许介眉,杨蕾. 葱属宽叶组植物细胞分类学研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1999, 37(1): 20-34.