双蕊兰属——一个极其原始和在系统发育上有重要意义的兰科新属

中国科学院大学学报

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双蕊兰属——一个极其原始和在系统发育上有重要意义的兰科新属

陈心启

(中国科学院植物研究所)

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1979-02-18 发布日期:1979-02-18
通讯作者: 陈心启

On Diplandrorchis, a very primitive and phylogenetically significant new genus of Orchidaceae

Chen Sing-Chi

(Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica)

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1979-02-18 Published:1979-02-18
Contact: Chen Sing-Chi

摘要/Abstract

Abstract:

Diplandrorchis is a very curious new orchid genus, containing only one species D.

sinica S. C. Chen, found in Huan-ren County of Liaoning Province in northeastern

China. It, as the genus name implies, has two fertile stamens, borne on the upper

part of the column near the terminal stigma. One of them is opposite to the dorsal

sepal, while the other to the median petal (lip). Thus, they represent two median

stamens of both inner and outer whorls. This is quite unique in the whole family,

including the diandrous group, in which the two stamens are opposite to the lateral

petals and thus represent the lateral ones of the inner whorl.

The flower is erect, with its pale greenish or whitish perianth nearly regular.

Two lateral sepals are more or less oblique, showing some difference from the dorsal

one, but the three petals, which are thinner and narrower, are very similar to each

other. Neither rostellum nor any other appendages are found in its column, but a

terminal stigma and two erect stamens. The pollinia are naked and granular, which,

in almost all flowers examined, have naturally fallen out of their cells on to the stigma.

Apparently, it is self-fertilised, as found in Tangtsinia and some other primitive

orchids.

Besides, this interesting orchid is a dwarf saprophyte, with its habit very similar

to that of Neottia, another saprophytic genus assigned to the subtribe Neottiinae. The

fact that the saprophytic orchids are largely found in the primitive subtribes, such as

the Neottiinae, Limodorinae, Vanillinae and Pogoniinae, is worthy of special attention.

Theoretically, the saprophytic plants must have developed from green-leaved plants. In

the Orchidaceae, however, what ancestor are the most primitive saprophytes derived

from ? This is indeed an interesting question closely related to the origin of the

Orchidaceae.

From the facts mentioned above, the present genus is a very primitive or relic

one and of great phylogenetic interest. It is placed here as the most primitive member

in the subtribe Neottiinae, although it is sharply distinct from the remaining genera

of this subtribe. It may deserve a separate subtribe, but further study is needed.

陈心启. 双蕊兰属——一个极其原始和在系统发育上有重要意义的兰科新属[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.

Chen Sing-Chi. On Diplandrorchis, a very primitive and phylogenetically significant new genus of Orchidaceae[J]. .

双蕊兰属——一个极其原始和在系统发育上有重要意义的兰科新属

On Diplandrorchis, a very primitive and phylogenetically significant new genus of Orchidaceae

可视化

摘要/Abstract

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