暖地杓兰——与碗兰属有密切关系的新种

中国科学院大学学报

暖地杓兰——与碗兰属有密切关系的新种

陈心启, 郎楷永

<SPAN lang=EN-US style=

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1986-08-18 发布日期:1986-08-18
通讯作者: 陈心启

Cypripedium subtropicum, a New Species Related to Selenipedilum

Chen Sing-Chi, Lang Kai-Yong

(Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica, Beijing)

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1986-08-18 Published:1986-08-18
Contact: Chen Sing-Chi

摘要/Abstract

关键词: 兰科, 杓兰亚科, 暖地杓兰组, 暖地杓兰, 碗兰属, 杓兰属

Abstract:

Cypripedium subtropicum S. C. Chen et K. Y. Lang is a phytogeography-

cally significant new species with its habit, inflorescence and column very similar to

those of Selenipedilum of tropical America. It is found in Mêdog of southeastern Xi-

zang, China. Its slender leafy stem bears at the summit a many-flowered raceme, am-

ounting to 1.5 m in height. Although its ovary is unilocular—this is the reason why

we place it in Cypripedium, the column characters resemble those of Selenipedilum. For

example, the staminode is rather small and its long stalk is very similar in texture and

color to the filament of the fertile stamens. Obviously, it is a primitive new species re-

lated to Selenipedilum based on the similarities mentioned above.

In the subfamily Cypripedioideae, as generally recognized, Selenipedilum is the

most primitive genus, from which or whose allies Cypripedium is derived. Of phyto-

geographical significance is the fact that Selenipedilum occurs in Central America and

northern South America, while a cypripedium akin to it is discontinuously distributed

in subtropical Asia. This suggests that Selenipedilum or Selenipedilum-like form be

once continually distributed in North America and eastern Asia when the climate there

was warmer, as it is in the subtropics today. The floristic relationship between Central

America and subtropical Asia appears to be closer than expected, as shown by the dis-

tribution patterns of Tropidia, Erythrodes, etc. Based on the occurrence of all six sec-

tions and particularly the most primitive form in eastern Asia, Cypripedium seems to

be of Asian, rather than Central American, origin. Selenipedilum possesses some very

primitive characters, such as trilocular ovary, vanilla-scented fruit, seed with sclerotic

testa, simple column and more or less suffrutescent habit. The latter is considered by

Dahlgren & Clifford (1982) to be one of ancestral characters of monocotyledons, which

is now very rare not only in Orchidaceae but also in all monocotyledons. It is indeed

necessary to make further investigations on Selenipedilum and also the new species pub-

lished here, as well as a detailed comparison between them.

Key words: Orchidaceae, Cypripedioideae, Sect.Subtropica, Cypripedium subtropicum, Selenipedilum, Cypripedium

陈心启, 郎楷永. 暖地杓兰——与碗兰属有密切关系的新种[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.

Chen Sing-Chi, Lang Kai-Yong. Cypripedium subtropicum, a New Species Related to Selenipedilum[J]. .

[1]	金效华,张玉武,肖丽萍. 中国石斛属一新种[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2001, 39(3): 269-271.
[2]	蔡霞,胡正海. 中国木兰科植物的叶结构及其油细胞的比较解剖学研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2000, 38(3): 218-230.
[3]	陈心启,吉占和,朱光华. 关于兰科若干亚族的分类问题[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1999, 37(2): 113-116.
[4]	郎楷永. 兰科舌唇兰属的一新亚属[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1998, 36(5): 449-458.
[5]	李秀兰,宋文芹,安祝平,陈瑞阳. 木兰科属间核型比较[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1998, 36(3): 232-237.
[6]	郎楷永, 席以珍, 胡玉熹. 中国兜被兰属植物的研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1997, 35(6): 533-549.
[7]	吉占和, 陈心启. 云南西双版纳兰科十新种[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1994, 32(6): 553-562.
[8]	郎楷永. 兰科植物区系中一些有意义属的地理分布格局的研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1994, 32(4): 328-339.
[9]	郎楷永, 立石庸一. 西藏虾脊兰属一新种[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1992, 30(6): 563-565.
[10]	郎楷永. 新疆兰科植物的订正和增补[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1992, 30(5): 460-470.
[11]	陈心启, 邬家林. 云南杓兰属一新种[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1991, 29(1): 86-88.
[12]	朗楷永. 横断山地区兰科植物区系的研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1990, 28(5): 356-371.
[13]	郎楷永. 川滇兰科新植物[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1987, 25(5): 401-404.
[14]	陈心启, 吉占和. 墨脱毛兰，一个可能的“异常整齐花”型，兼论兰科中“异常整齐花”现象[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1987, 25(5): 329-339.
[15]	郎楷永. 四川贡嘎山地区兰科植物的地理分布和区系组成[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1985, 23(6): 418-428.