欢迎访问中国科学院大学学报,今天是

中国科学院大学学报

• •    下一篇

中国主要禾本科植物颖果形态的基本类型与系统分类

王世金, 郭本兆, 李健华   

  1. (中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,西宁)
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1986-10-18 发布日期:1986-10-18
  • 通讯作者: 王世金

The Major Types of Caryopses of the Chinese Gramineae in Relation to Systematics

Wang Shi-Jin, Kuo Pen-Chao, Li Jian-Hua   

  1. (Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology. Academia Sinica, Xining)
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1986-10-18 Published:1986-10-18
  • Contact: Wang Shi-Jin

摘要:

本文在观察了31个族109个属324种禾本科植物果实形态的基础上,探讨了重要性状演化的趋势及其与分布区和生境条件的关系。根据果实大小,整体形状,腹面和脐的形态,胚与果的长度比值,果端有无茸毛,花柱是否宿存,尤其横切面轮廓等,将禾本科的颖果形态划分为三大类型七个亚型。  经过与细胞染色体、胚体、幼苗和植株各方面数据的互相印证,证明与颖果形态的七个基本类型相对应,在系统分类上是七个亚科。

关键词: 禾本科, 颖果, 分类

Abstract:

Examinations were made on the morphology of caryopses of 324 grass species re-
presenting over 109 genera and 31 tribes.  The evolutionary tendency of the important characte-
ristics and the relation with distribution areas and habitats are discussed.   According to  the
shape of caryopses, the morphology of ventral faces and hilum, the proportion of embryos to
caryopses in size, the existence or absence of the top fine hairs, the persistence or shedding of
styles, the size of fruits and especially the outline of the middle cross section, etc., the caryopses
may be divided into three major types and seven subtypes: Bambusoid (including True Bambusoid,
Arundinoid, Oryzoid, Stipoid), Panicoid (including True Panicoid, Eragrostoid) and Pooid
(including the Subtype Pooid only).  In this study, the different types of caryopses are found to
be correlated with the characteristics of embryos, seedlings, habits and chromosomes, and on
these grounds, the genera of the Gramineae are grouped into seven corresponding subfamilies:
Bambusoideae, Oryzoideae, Arundinoideae, Stipoideae, Eragrostoideae, Panicoideae and Pooideae.

Key words: Gramineae, caryopses, systematics