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四稜草属(Schnabelia)系统位置问题的探讨

陈介   

  1. 中国科学院植物研究所
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1964-01-18 发布日期:1964-01-18
  • 通讯作者: 陈介

The Systematic Relationship of Schnabelia Hand.-Mazz.

Chen Cheih   

  1. Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1964-01-18 Published:1964-01-18
  • Contact: Chen Cheih

Abstract:

 The purpose of the present paper is to discuss the systematic position of the genus
Schnabelia originally proposed by H. Handel-Mazzatti in 1921, who considered it as be-
longing to the family Verbenaceae, a point which he further emphasized in 1936.  How-
ever, in his paper on the Chinese verbenaceous plants (1932), Prof. Pei Chien thought
the genus should be removed from Verbenaceae into Labiatae and allied it with such
genera as Ajuga and Teucrium on the ground that it also has deeply lobed ovary. Since
then botanists on Chinese plants, such as Prof. Y. Z. Sun, F. C. How, etc. have always
considered Schnabelia Hand.-Mazz. as a genus of Labiatae.
     The present writer has recently studied the  genus,  comparing  its  morphology  of
ovary, calyx lobes, pedicels, pollen grains, etc. with a number of verbenaceous genera,
and comes to the conclusion that the genus should belong to Verbenaceae as H. Handel-
Mazzatti first proposed and that it is closely allied to the genus Caryopteris, especially
C. nepetaefolia (Benth.) Maxim.  Moreover, he considers that the deeply lobed ovary
is not at all a good character even for generic separation, for several genera in Ver-
benaceae, such as Caryopteris, Clerodendron, just like Teucrium and Ajuga of Labiatae,
also have deeply lobed ovaries.
     From the ample herbarium material, the present writer discovered for the first time
that the genus Schnabelia has two types of flowers,  cleistogamous  and  chasmogamous.
The original founder of the genus did not know this peculiar floral  character,  as  not
mention of it was made in the generic diagnosis.  Chienodoxa Sun (1951) proves to be
the present genus, which is based upon the cleistogamous type of flowers of an allied or
perhaps the same species.