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中国樟科植物叶中油细胞和粘液细胞的比较解剖研究

初庆刚,胡正海   

  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1999-11-10 发布日期:1999-11-10
  • 通讯作者: 初庆刚

Comparative anatomy of oil cells and mucilage cells in the leaves of the Lauraceae in China

CHU Qing-Gang, HU Zheng-Hai   

  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1999-11-10 Published:1999-11-10
  • Contact: CHU Qing-Gang

摘要:

利用组织透明法和石蜡制片法对樟科21属、112种、5变种和2变型植物叶中油细胞的分布密
度、油细胞与粘液细胞(腔)的形态结构及其在叶肉中的具体分布进行了比较研究。油细胞和粘液细胞
(腔)是樟科植物叶片解剖的显著特征,其在叶肉中的分布可以划分为4种类型:只有油细胞分布;只有
粘液细胞(腔)分布;油细胞和粘液细胞(腔)共存;油细胞和粘液细胞(腔)皆无。油细胞的分布密度、油
细胞与粘液细胞(腔)是否共存、是否单独存在或无,以及其具体分布部位等方面在种间存在一定的差
异,这对于属以下等级的区分具有一定意义。在本科内甚至在某些属内,油细胞和粘液细胞(腔)分布的
4种类型的演化趋势为:只有油细胞分布—油细胞与粘液细胞(腔)共存—只有粘液细胞(腔)分布—油
细胞与粘液细胞(腔)皆无。油细胞和粘液细胞(腔)4种分布类型的划分支持樟科两个亚科的划分。

关键词: 樟科, 油细胞, 粘液细胞(腔), 比较解剖学

Abstract:

The distribution density of oil cells, the morphology and structure of both oil and
mucilage cells, and their localization in the mesophyll of 112 species, 5 varieties and 2 forms
in 21 genera of the Lauraceae are comparatively studied with the methods of tissue clearing
and paraffin sectioning. The results show that there exist obvious differences of the distribu-
tion density of oil cells among the species in the Lauraceae. The presence of oil cells and mu-
cilage cells is found to be a marked anatomical feature of the leaves in most of the plants in
the Lauraceae. Their distribution in the mesophyll can be divided into 4 types: type Ⅰ , in
which only oil cells are present; type Ⅱ, in which both the oil and mucilage cells are pre-
sent; type Ⅲ, in which only mucilage cells are present; type Ⅳ, in which neither oil cells
nor mucilage cells are present. The distribution density of oil cells, the distribution types of
oil cells and mucilage cells and their localization in the mesophyll are of some taxonomic value
at the specific level in the Lauraceae. In the whole Lauraceae or in some large genera, the
evolutionary trend of the distribution types of oil cells and mucilage cells might be as follows:
type Ⅰ → type Ⅱ →type Ⅲ →type Ⅳ. The characteristics of the 4 distribution types of oil
cells and mucilage cells support the division of two subfamilies in the Lauraceae.

Key words: Lauraceae, Oil cells, Mucilage Cells, Comparative anatomy