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泡沙参复合体(桔梗科)的物种生物学研究 Ⅳ. 等位酶水平的变异和分化

葛颂,洪德元   

  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1998-11-10 发布日期:1998-11-10
  • 通讯作者: 葛颂

Biosystematic Studies on Adenophora potaninii Korsh. Complex (Campanulaceae) Ⅳ. Allozyme Variation and Differentiation

GE Song, HONG De-Yuan   

  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1998-11-10 Published:1998-11-10
  • Contact: GE Song

摘要:

 利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术,对采自泡沙参复合体整个分布区的15个天然居群进行了等位酶
分析。7种酶系统共10个等位酶基因位点的检测表明,本复合体植物具有高水平的遗传变异性,居群
水平上的遗传多样性指标分别为:多态位点百分率P=0.40~0.70,等位基因平均数A=1.5~2.5,平
均期望杂合度He=0.102~0.291。3个类群在居群水平上的平均多样性水平由高至低依次为;A.
wawreana(A=2.10,P=0.63, He=0.237),A.lobophylla(A=1.85,P=0.60,He=0.204)和A.
potaninii(A=1.83,P=O.60,He=0.188)。居群遗传结构和交配系统的分析表明,本复合体植物的大
部分遗传变异存在于居群之内,Fst=0.176(A.wawreana)和0.115(A.potaninii),并以异交为主,异
交率估计值分别为t=0.86(A.wawreana),0.74(A.potaninii)和0.63(A.lobophylla),这是本复合
体植物具有丰富遗传变异的主要原因之一。根据15个居群的遗传一致度(I)值进行聚类分析发现,
15 个居群可分为明显的2支,由A.lobophylla 2个居群构成的一支与由A. wawreana 和A.potaninii 13
个居群构成的一支在遗传上的分化十分明显,而6个A.wawreana 居群和7个A.potaninii 居群间的
遗传差异不明显,是两个分化不充分的类群。因此,本文的等位酶证据说明,A.lobophylla是遗传上独
立的好种,同时不支持将A.wawreana 和A. potaninii 分别作为独立种的处理。

关键词: 泡沙参复合体, 等位酶, 遗传变异, 居群分化

Abstract:

 Fifteen natural populations representing all the taxa in Adenophora potaninii
complex were investigated using vertical slab polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Allozyme
data for ten loci of seven enzymes demonstrate high levels of genetic variation within popula-
tions, with the values of P=0.40~0.70, A=1.5~2.5 and He=O.102~0.291. At spe-
cific level, there existed the highest variation in A. wawreana (A= 2.10, P=0.63, He
=0.237), followed by those of A. lobophylla (A=1.85, P=0.60, He=0.204) and A.
potaninii (A=1.83, P=0.60, He =O.188). Based on Wright's F-statistics, the out-
crossing rates( t ) were 0.86 ( A.wawreana ), O.74 ( A.potaninii ) and 0.63 ( A.lobo-
phylla). The analysis on population genetic structure indicates that most variation resided
within populations, which is consistent with the high rate of outcrossing rates in the com-
plex. On the basis of genetic identity(I), cluster analysis shows that there was high genetic
divergence between A. lobophylla populations and A. wawreana-A, potaninii clade,
while no clear genetic difference was found between A.  wawreana populations and A.
potaninii populations. Consequently, the present allozyme data justify the establishment of
A. lobophylla, but give no support for treating A. wawreana and A. potaninii as a sepa-
rate species.

Key words: Adenophora potaninii complex, Allozyme, Genetic variation, Population differentiation