粗根韭的核型分化研究

中国科学院大学学报

粗根韭的核型分化研究

许介眉,杨蕾,何兴金,薛培凤

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1998-07-10 发布日期:1998-07-10
通讯作者: 许介眉

A Study on Karyotype Differentiation of Allium fasciculatum (Liliaceae)

XU Jie-Mei, YANG Lei, HE Xing-Jin, XUE Pei-Feng

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1998-07-10 Published:1998-07-10
Contact: XU Jie-Mei

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对葱属粗根韭的3个地方居群的核型分析结果表明，3个居群的核型表现出很大的差异。西藏

达孜居群为2n=2x=20=4m+10sm+2t(2SAT)+4T；四川乡城居群为2n=2x=20=10sm+6t

(2SAT)+4T；四川理县居群为2n=2x=20=6m+1Osm+2t(2SAT)+2T。虽然它们之间在核型上存

在差异，但除达孜居群的植株较矮小外，3个居群的植物在形态上却非常一致。理县居群的核型被认为

是原始类型，由它通过染色体结构变异，分别演化出更不对称的达孜居群和乡城居群。葱属中，目前只

发现4个种的染色体基数为10，除本种外其余3种分别是A．decipiens Fisch．；A．kujukense Vved．和

A．chelotum Wendelbo。根据这4个种的核型特征和分布格局，基数10可能有不同的起源，至少粗根韭

的起源与其余3种不同，而且起源最晚。粗根韭的核型特征及它与染色体基数为11的宽叶韭A．hook-

eri Thwaites在核型上的相似性，表明它们很可能共同起源于基数为10但现已绝灭的祖先种。此外，还

探讨了该祖先种的起源问题。

Abstract:

Karyotypes of three local populations of Allium fasciculatum Rendle were ana-

lyzed. The karyotype of the population from Dagze of Xizang was 2n=2x＝20=4m+10sm

+4T+2t(2SAT), the one from Xiangcheng of Sichuan was 2n=2x＝20＝10sm+6t

(2SAT)+4T, and the one from Lixian of Siehuan was 2n＝2x=20＝6m+10sm+2t

(2SAT)+2T. Although there were differences in karyotypes among the three populations,

they were very similar in morphological characters, except that plants in the Dagze population

were lower. The karyotype of the Lixian population is considered to be a primitive one that

has evolved into the more asymmetrical karyotypes of the Dagze population and Xiangcheng

population by structural aberration. In the genus Allium, only four species, A. fascicula-

turn, A. decipiens Fisch., A. kujukense Vved. and A. cheloturm Wendelbo. have so far been

found to have the basic chromosome number of x＝10. According to karyotype characters

and the distribution pattern of these four species, the basic number x = 10 may have different

origins. At least that of A. fasciculatum is different from that of the other three species and

might have originated the latest. A. fasciculatum was similar to A. hookeri Thwaites (the

latter has x＝11) in karyotypical and morphological characters. Therefore, they are consid-

ered to have originated from a common extinct ancestor that had the basic number of x = 10.

ey words Allium；A．fasciculatum Rendle；Karyotype differentiation

许介眉,杨蕾,何兴金,薛培凤. 粗根韭的核型分化研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.

XU Jie-Mei, YANG Lei, HE Xing-Jin, XUE Pei-Feng. A Study on Karyotype Differentiation of Allium fasciculatum (Liliaceae)[J]. .