松柏类植物叶子的比较解剖观察

中国科学院大学学报

松柏类植物叶子的比较解剖观察

姚璧君, 胡玉熹

(中国科学院植物研究所)

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1982-08-18 发布日期:1982-08-18
通讯作者: 姚璧君

Comparative anatomy of conifer leaves

Yao Bi-Jun, Hu Yu-Shi

(lnstitute of Botany, Academia Sinica, Peking, hina)

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1982-08-18 Published:1982-08-18
Contact: Yao Bi-Jun

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文系统地比较观察了松柏类植物7科、37属、103种8变种的叶子表皮

及内部结构特征，并记述了各属(或组)的特征，及作了分属(或组)检索表。

观察结果表明，为便于分属鉴定，Laubenfels的叶型划分，可作为第一级分

类特征。此外叶子表皮结构，皮下层的有无与排列方式，叶肉分化与否，具维管

束鞘或内皮层，转输组织类型，维管束的数目与空间相对位置，树脂道的数目及

位置，以及石细胞或厚壁组织细胞的存在与否等特征，在属一级中较为稳定，可

作为各属分类的重要依据。

柏科各属(刺柏属与圆柏属除外)均属鳞叶(叶型Ⅲ)，其结构特征差异甚

少，不易区分。

本文还讨论了树脂道，具凯氏带的内皮层，厚壁组织以及维管束等在分类鉴

定上的价值问题*

Abstract:

The epidermis and internal structure of 103 species and 8 varieties of conifer leaves

belonging to 37 genera of 7 families have been comparatively investigated. The anato-

mical characters of leaves of all the genera (or sections) studied are described syste-

matically and a key to the genera (or sections) is also presented.

It is shown that in order to identify at the genus level, the leaf types of Lauben-

Fels’ may be used as the primary characterization. And it can also be seen that the

following characters which are relatively constant at the genus level provide an im-

portant basis for identification: the epidermal structure, the presence or absence of

hypodermis, the degree of differentiation of mesophyll, the occurrence of vascular

bundle sheath or endodermis, the transfusion tissue type, the number and relative spatial

position of vascular bundles, the number and distribution of resin canal and the pre-

sence of sclereid or sclerenchyma.

The genera of Cupressaceae (except for Juniperus and Sabina) are of scale leaves

(Leaf type-III) with little differences in structural characters. It’s difficult to distin-

guish them from each other.

In addition, some problems concerning the significance of the resin canal, the endo-

dermis with Casparian-strip, the sclerenchyma and the vascular bundle in identification

are here also discussed.

姚璧君, 胡玉熹. 松柏类植物叶子的比较解剖观察[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.