肠蕨属(Diplaziopsis C．Chr.)的研究

中国科学院大学学报

肠蕨属(Diplaziopsis C．Chr.)的研究

秦仁昌

中国科学院植物研究所

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1964-01-18 发布日期:1964-01-18
通讯作者: 秦仁昌

On the Genus Diplaziopsis C. Chr.

Ching Ren-Chang

Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1964-01-18 Published:1964-01-18
Contact: Ching Ren-Chang

摘要/Abstract

Abstract:

The fern genus Diplaziopsis C. Chr. of Index Filicum has long been considered as

a monotypic one, with the sole species, D. javanica (B1.) C. Chr. from tropical Asia. In

1906, H. Christ described a second species, Allantodia cavaleriana Christ (=D. cavale-

riana C. Chr.) from Kweichow, West China, but this was since not fully recognized by

fern students in general, being often considered as a variety of the first species. This

is certainly a mistake, as is shown by ample herbarium specimens today. In the recent

work on the genus, the writer has found among the herbarium material two additional

new species from China, thus bringing the genus up to four species in Asia, mainly from

China, where, as it is, the genus has its center of development from the long past.

Phylogenetically, Diplaziopsis C. Chr. represents one of the offshoots from the great

stock of diplazioid ferns, of which the genus Diplazium Sw. constitutes the main body

of the group and from which our genus differs chiefly in its leaves of a thin texture with

reticulated venation, but not so much in its type of indusium as it has generally been

emphasized by most botanists in the past, for, as it is, the type of indusium in Di-

plaziopsis also prevails in many species of Diplazium, for which C. B. Clarke (Trans.

Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. I:495, 1880) created, but really superfluously, a subgenus Pseudal-

lantodia, about which the writer will dwell in another paper in the near future. Suffice

it to say here that the indusium in Diplaziopsis as revealed by the species treated here

is, indeed, typical of diplazioid ferns, only often, as it happens, with its adaxial edge

pressed so tight under the expanding sorus that it is unable to open freely along its upper

free edge and, as a result, its thin vaulted back bursts open from the pressure of the ex-

panding sorus underneath.

As a result of the present study, following four species of the genus have been re-

cognized.

Diplaziopsis javanica (B1.) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 227.

Wide spread in tropical Asia, northwardly to Bakbo and the southern part of Yun-

nan, China.

D. cavaleriana (Christ) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. Suppl. I (1913) 25.

Ranges from West China through northern part of Fukien of East China to Japan.

D. intermedia Ching, sp. nov.

Endemic in West China: Mt. Omei, Szechuan, and Kweichow.

D. hainanensis Ching, sp. nov.

In conclusion, it may be pointed out that with the modern plant taxonomy pursued

in a more efficient manner than in the past, and especially by the introduction of the

cytotaxonomic methods, the so-called “monotypic genera”, as conceived by the orthodox

systematists, will continue to prove, to a great extent, to be lack of enough scientific

ground. The fact that the “monotypic genus” of Diplaziopsis C. Chr. is now found to

be a genus of four well-defined species is once again an instance to illustrate the point

at issue.

秦仁昌. 肠蕨属(Diplaziopsis C．Chr.)的研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.