野菊和甘菊的形态变异及其核型特征

中国科学院大学学报

野菊和甘菊的形态变异及其核型特征

汪劲武, 杨继, 李懋学

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1993-03-10 发布日期:1993-03-10
通讯作者: 汪劲武

The Morphological Variation and the Karyotypical Characters of Dendranthema indicum and D. lavandulifolium

Wang Jin-wu, Yang Ji, Li Mao-xue

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1993-03-10 Published:1993-03-10
Contact: Wang Jin-wu

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文从形态地理和细胞学角度对野菊Dendranthema indicum L．和甘菊D．lavandulifolium (Fisch．ex Trautv．)Ling et Shih的形态变异的规律和趋势，形态特征与核型特征的

联系以及野菊和甘菊的系统演化关系进行了研究。结果表明：无论从形态特征或从核型特征看，野菊和甘菊都是多型种，且两者之间没有直接的演化关系；根据对各类群形态特征和核型特征的比较，作者认为，杂交在野菊和甘菊多倍体起源及其核型进化过程中起着十分重要的作用。

关键词: 野菊, 甘菊, 形态变异, 核型

Abstract:

Dendranthema indicum L. and D. lavandulifolium (Fisch. ex Trautv. )

Ling et Shih are two species which are greatly variable in morphology. The

specimens collected from different habitats show distinct variation in characters

such as leaf division、 leaf pubescence、 size of capitula and number of capitula.

Some authors (Li 1983; Du 1989; Nakata 1987)have studied the chromosome

numbers and karyotypes of D. indicum and D. lavandulifolium and reported the

basic chromosome number and polyploidy of these two species. But some ques-

tions, such as the patterns and trends of morphological variation, the relation-

ships between morphological and karyotypical variations and the phylogenetic

relationship between D. indicum and D. lavandulifolium remain unclear . Based

on wide field investigation and cultivation experiments, the present authors made

a thorough study on D. indicum and D. lavandulifolium from morphology、

cytology with reference to geographical distribution and habit conditions. The re-

sults show that the amount of leaf pubescence of D. indicum is closely related to

the water content in its habitat; the diameter of capitula decreases, while the

number of capitula of D. lavandulifolium increases with the increase in elevation.

Comparing the karyotypical constitution of different populations of D. indicum

and D. lavandulifolium, the authors infer that natural hybridization, both

intraspecific hybridization and hybridization between D. indicum and D.

lavandulifolium, has played an important role in the origin of polyploids and in

the evolutionary process of karyotypes of D. indicum and D. lavandulifolium.

By a synthetic analysis from morphology, cytology and geography, the authors

also suggest that D. indicum and D. lavandulifolium be sister species,

derived from a common ancestor, and it is unreasonable to consider one of them

evolved from the other.

Key words: D. indicum, D. lavandulifolium, Morphological variation, Karyotype

汪劲武, 杨继, 李懋学. 野菊和甘菊的形态变异及其核型特征[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.

Wang Jin-wu, Yang Ji, Li Mao-xue. The Morphological Variation and the Karyotypical Characters of Dendranthema indicum and D. lavandulifolium[J]. .

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