秦岭地区10种百合科植物核型报道

中国科学院大学学报

秦岭地区10种百合科植物核型报道

尚宗燕, 李汝娟, 崔铁成

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1992-09-10 发布日期:1992-09-10
通讯作者: 尚宗燕

Report on Karyotypes of 10 Species of Liliaceae (s. l.) From Qinling Range

Shang Zong-Yan, Li Ru-Juan, Cui Tie-Cheng

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1992-09-10 Published:1992-09-10
Contact: Shang Zong-Yan

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文对秦岭地区的Polygonatum的2种，Hosta的2种和Smilax discotis，Cardiocrinum

giganteum，Asparagus filicintus，Reineckia carnea，Tupistra chinensis，Rohdea japonica做了核型分析。其中有4种的核型为国内首次报道。本义对不同产地的玉竹gonatum odoratum)的核型进行了对比，讨论了其核型进化的可能途径。

关键词: 百合科, 核型, 秦岭

Abstract:

The karyotypes of 10 species of the Liliaceae from the Qinling Range

are reported as follows.

I. Polygonatum Mill.

(1) P. odoratum ( Mill. ) Druce was found to have the karyotype

2n=20=12m+8sm ( Plate 3, Fig. I), which belongs to Stebbins’ (1971)

karyotype classification 2B. The chromosomes range from 3.88 to 11.26μm in

size.

Table 2 shows the karyotypes and number fundamentals (N.F.) of 13 materi-

als from 12 different localities. The N. F. of these materials can be classified into

two groups: N.F. =36 and N.F.=40, besides one (N.F. =38) from Beijing. N.

F. =36 covers all the materials with 2n= 18 which have relatively symmetrical

karyotypes ( all consisting of m and sm chromosomes), one with

2n=20 (10m+6sm+4st) and one with 2n=22 (14m+8st). N.F. =40 include

four materials with 2n= 20 (all of m and sm chromosomes ) and 3 with 2n= 22

(10m+ 8sm+ 4st). ￥

It is considered that there are two original karyotypes, 2n= 18 with

N. F. = 36 and 2n= 20 with N.F. =40, which are relatively symmetrical. All the

more asymmetrical karyotypes with some st chromosomes have probably evolved

from the symmetrical karyotypes without st chromosomes by centric fission.

(2) P. zanlanscianense Pamp. has the karyotype 2n=30=18m(2SAT)

+ 4sm+ 6st+ 2t (Plate 1, Fig. 1) which belongs to 2C. The chromosomes range

from 2.16 to 9.76μm. ￥

II. Asparagus filicinus Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don. The karyotype of this species

is 2n = 16= 8m(2SAT )+ 6sm + 2st (Plate 1, Fig. 1 and Table 3 ) , which belongs

to 2B. The chromosomes range from 2.33 to 5.30μm. Most species in Aspara-

gus, including A.Filicinus, are reported to have basic number x= 10, and therefore

2n= 16 is a new chromosome number for A.filicinus. EL-Saded et.al.(1972) gave

a report of n=8 for A. stipularis from Egypt, while Delay (1947) reported

2n = 24 for A. trichophyllus and A. verticillatus, Sinla(1972 ) gave a report of 2n=48

for A.racemosus. It is certain that there are two basic numbers in the genus Aspa-

ragus.

III. Cardiocrinum giganteum (Wall.) Makino was found to have the karyotype

2n=24=4m+8st+12t (Plate 1, Fig. 1 ), which belongs to 3B. The chromosomes

range from 8.71 to 20.24μm.

IV. Smilax discotis Warb. was shown to have the karyotype

2n=32=4m+22sm+4st (2SAT)+2t (Plate 1, Fig. 1 and Table 3), which be-

longs to 3C. The first pair is much longer than others. The chromosomes range

from 1.79 to 9.21μm. The chromosome number and karyotype of S. discotis are

both reported for the first time.

V. Reineckia carnea (Andr.) Kunth is of the karyotype 2n=38=28m+10sm

(Plate 2, Fig. 1 ), which belongs to 2B. The chromosomes range from 5.65 to

12.75μm.

VI. Tupistra chinensis Baker was found to have the karyotype

2n=38=25m+ 13sm (Plate 2, Fig. 1), which belongs to 2B. The chromosomes

range from 8.11 to 23.82μm. A pair of heterozygous chromosomes is arranged at

the end of the idiogram. The eighth pair possesses an intercalary satellite.

Huang et al. (1989) reported the karyotype of T. chinensis from Yunnan as

2n = 38 = 24m+ 14sm without any intercalary satellite. Nagamatsu and

Noda (1970) gave a report on the karyotype of T. nutans from Bhutan, which

consists of 18 pairs of median to submedian chromosomes and one pair of

subterminal chromosomes. And one pair of submedian chromosomes possess

intercalary satellites on their short arms.

VII. Rohdea japonica (Thunb) Roth. was found to have the karyotype

2n=38=30m+6sm+2st ( Plate 2, Fig. 1), which belongs to 2B. The

chromosomes range from 7.94 to 18.29μm.

Nagamatsu and Noda (1970) reported that the karyotype of R.japonica from

Japan was the same as that of Tupistra nutans from Bhutan. But we have not discov-

ered any chromosome with an intercalary satellite.

VIII. Hosta Tratt.

(1) H. plantaginea (Lam.) Aschers was shown to have 2n=60. The 60

chromosomes are in 30 pairs,which can be classified into 4 pairs of large

chromosomes (7.32- 8.72μm ), 3 pairs of medium-sized ones (4.72-5.60μm), and

23 pairs of small ones (1.40-3.64μm), (Plate 3 ,Table 4 ).

The karyotype of H. plantaginea is reported for the first time.

(2) H. ventricosa (Salisb.) Stearn was counted to have 2n=120, The 120

chromosomes are in 60 pairs, which can be classified into 8 pairs of large

chromosomes (7.00- 8.40μm ), 6 pairs of medium-sized ones(4.40- 6.15um ),

46 pairs of small ones (1.20- 3.85μm), (Plate 3, Table 4). Based on the

karyotypes of H. plantaginea and H. ventricosa, the latter is probably a tetraploid

in the genus Hosta.

Kaneko (1968b) gave a report on the karyotype of H. ventricosa, which is of

8 pairs of large chromosomes, 4 pairs of medium-sized and 48 pairs of small ones.

Key words: Liliaceae, Karyotype, Qinling Range

尚宗燕, 李汝娟, 崔铁成. 秦岭地区10种百合科植物核型报道[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.

Shang Zong-Yan, Li Ru-Juan, Cui Tie-Cheng. Report on Karyotypes of 10 Species of Liliaceae (s. l.) From Qinling Range[J]. .

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