亚洲大陆三叉蕨科的分类

中国科学院大学学报

亚洲大陆三叉蕨科的分类

王铸豪

(中国科学院华南植物研究所)

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1965-04-17 发布日期:1965-04-17
通讯作者: 王铸豪

A Taxonomical Study of the Family Aspidiaceae from the Mainland of Asia

Wang Chu-Hao

(South China Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica)

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1965-04-17 Published:1965-04-17
Contact: Wang Chu-Hao

摘要/Abstract

Abstract:

The object of this paper is to deal with the taxonomical problems of the family

Aspidiaceae from the mainland of Asia. In recent years I have had the opportunity to

study copious materials of the family from this region, and recognized the following nine

genera, namely, Lastreopsis Ching, Ctenitis C. Chr., Ctenitopsis Ching, Pleocnemia Presl,

Arcypteris Underw., Tectaria Cavanilles, Quercifilix Cop., Hemigramma Christ and

Pteridrys C. Chr. et Ching.

The members of this family are middle-sized, terrestrial ferns; rhizome erect or sub-

erect, dictyostelic, scaly; leaves tufted, generally uniform, simple pinnate to tripinnatifid;

veins free or anastomosing, forming areoles with or without free included veinlets; rachis

and costa raised on the upper surface, and, as a rule, covered with pale brown multi-

cellular articulate hairs (ctenitis-hairs); sori round or in a few cases acrostichoid; indusia

reniform, or in some genera absent; spores bilateral with perispore.

Dryopteridaceae and Lomariopsidaceae are closely related to Aspidiaceae, and both

were placed in the latter family by the fern students in the past. The main differences

of Dryopteridaceae from Aspidiaceae are: leaves pale green when dried; costa and costule

grooved and free from articulate hairs (ctenitis-hairs) on the upper side; veins free or

very rarely anastomosing (venatio cyrtomii). In general appearance the genus Ctenitis

of Aspidiaceae is very similar to the bipinnate species of Dryopteridaceae, such as

Dryopteris filix-mas (Linn.) Schott, but its costa and costule are raised and covered by

ctenitis-hairs on the upper side, and the leaves turning dull brown when dried, so that

it has no difficulty in distinguishing the genus from the true Dryopteris. The recognition

of the free-veined Ctenitis and its allies as the primitive tectarioid ferns is very important

in delimiting both Aspidiaceae and Dryopteridaceae, which were all mixed up in the past.

Moreover, from the standpoint of plant geography, these two families are also distinct,

for the Dryopteridaceae are mainly ferns of the temperate regions and the mountains in

subtropics in the Northern Hemisphere, but the Aspidiaceae are pantropical by origin.

The chief differences of Lomariopsidaceae from the Aspidiaceae are: rhizome creeping or

high-climbing; leaves strongly dimorphous, free from the ctenitis-hairs; sori acrostichoid.

That Holttum has made Aspidiaceae a subfamily Tectarioideae of the family

Dennstaedtiaceae proves to be very unnatural, because there is hardly any affinity be-

tween the two families; while Aspidiaceae of Copeland is a terrible mixture of Thely-

pteridaceae, Athyriaceae, Dryopteridaceae and Aspidiaceae (sen. strict.) and a few other

families, for even he himself admitted that no one can use the definition to identify any

unknown members of his family.

Finally, I feel grateful to my teacher, Professor R. C. Ching, for his constant encou-

ragement and warm guidance received both in the course of my study and in the prepara-

tion of the present paper.

王铸豪. 亚洲大陆三叉蕨科的分类[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.

Wang Chu-Hao. A Taxonomical Study of the Family Aspidiaceae from the Mainland of Asia[J]. .