沙棘的生态地理分布及其植物地理学意义

中国科学院大学学报

沙棘的生态地理分布及其植物地理学意义

廉永善, 陈学林

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1992-08-10 发布日期:1992-08-10
通讯作者: 廉永善

The Ecogeographical Distribution of Hippophae rhamnoides Subsp. sinensis and Its Phytogeographical Significance

Lian Yong-Shan, Chen Xue-Lin

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1992-08-10 Published:1992-08-10
Contact: Lian Yong-Shan

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

沙棘hippophae rhamnoides subsp．sinensis是分布于我国境内的一个亚种，是沙棘属中的原始类群。沙棘的分布区大体呈西南—东北走向，从西藏东北部起，经黄土高原，直至大兴安岭西南角。本文通过对分布区与各生态因子等量线相似性比较，并结合野外考察，探讨了沙棘对各生态因子的耐性限度、最适值以及限制因子。研究发现，沙棘灌丛不仅有一个比较稳定的分布区，而且受大的气候带的控制，表现出明显的水平地带性规律，其分布与我国的三大地理气候区分异规律相一致，正处在我国三大植被区的过渡地带。因而，沙棘的分布可以作为我国三大植被区分界的一个标志，这打破了以往认为灌丛没有明显水平地带性规律的概念。另外，本文还就沙棘分布区与建立人工沙棘园及我国种植制度区划和植树造林之间的关系进行了讨论。

关键词: 沙棘, 植被区划, 生态因子, 种植制度, 植树造林

Abstract:

Hippophae rhamnoides L. subsp. sinensis Rousi is confined to China.

The subspecies, a primitive member of the genus, is one of important plant

resources for food and medicinal industry and also a genetic resource for breeding.

The subspecies ranges from Southwest to Northeast China, i .e .from the northeast

part of Tibet to the sourthwest corner of the Da Hinggan Mountains ,through

Loess Plateau. Made in this paper was an analysis of the limits of tolerance, the

limiting factors and the fittest value, and of ecological factors regulating the

distribution area of the subspecies such as heat, sunshine and rainfall. The analy-

sis is based on comparison of the similarities between the distribution range and

the isolines of the various ecological factors, combined with the field work of the

subspecies. The result indicates that not only does the bush of Hippophae

rhamnoides L. subsp. sinensis Rousi occupy a stable geographical range, but also

it shows a zonal distribution pattern, controlled by rainfall and heat. Its geo-

graphical range is roughly located in the transitional zone of three vegetation re-

gions in China, i.e. the east moist forest region, the northwest desert and

steppe region and the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau alpine vegetation region. Therefore,

the bush can be used for delimitating the three vegetation regions. This fact

implies that the concept should be revised that the distribution of bushes is not of

obvious horizontal-zonal pattern. Also discussed in the present paper are ecological

conditions for the artificial Seabuckthron’s garden, the relationship between the

geographical range and the planting system in agriculture as well as the afforestation.

Key words: Hippophae rhamnoides L. subsp. Sinensis, Zonation of vegetation, Ecological factors, Agricultural regionalization, Afforestation

廉永善, 陈学林. 沙棘的生态地理分布及其植物地理学意义[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.

Lian Yong-Shan, Chen Xue-Lin. The Ecogeographical Distribution of Hippophae rhamnoides Subsp. sinensis and Its Phytogeographical Significance[J]. .

[1]	曹亚玲, 吕荣森. 中国沙棘属植物核型分析[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1989, 27(2): 118-123.
[2]	廉永善. 沙棘属的新发现[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1988, 26(3): 235-237.