简约性，极性分析及中值淘汰法——与李朝銮先生商榷

中国科学院大学学报

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简约性，极性分析及中值淘汰法——与李朝銮先生商榷

张奠湘

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1991-05-10 发布日期:1991-05-10
通讯作者: 张奠湘

Parsimony, Character-Polarization and Median Elimination Series—A Dissentation from Dr. Li

Zhang Dian-Xiang

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1991-05-10 Published:1991-05-10
Contact: Zhang Dian-Xiang

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

无论是从理论基础上还是具体步骤上，中值淘汰法与分支学家常用的方法都不相同。在构建分支图之前识别祖征与反向进化，直接衍征与环极向衍征有悖于分支学的基本原则；而在具体运算过程中仅以2个分类单元求取中值又会掩盖反向进化；新的中值必须全部包括分支图上下面的中值的原则事实上是不承认反向进化。中值淘汰法产生的分支图不及Farris方法产生的分支图简约。

关键词: 简约性, 极性分析, 中值淘汰法

Abstract:

The Median Elimination Series method differs from those of other cladists both

theoretically and technically. The principle of parsimony is one of the bases of scientific

hypotheses; the theory of evolution is the causal explanation relationships between

organisms. Both of them are the bases of cladistics. Thus it is implausible to replace the for-

mer by the latter.

Distinguishing a plesiomorphy from a reversion and a direct apomorphy from a cyclic

apomorphy as indicated by Dr Li (1990) in his character 5 and character ll, is difficult if not

impossible. So the basis of MES is vulnerable.

Using only 2 taxa in calculating the value of media and thus deciding the placement of a

taxon in a cladogram would bring uncertainties when reversion exists.

Morphological character homoplasy and reversion must be treated equally if Wagner's

parsimony principle is followed. But reversion is ignored in MES calculation.

Several more parsimonious cladograms are yielded with Dr Li's data when Farris's

method is followed.

MES is not a better alternative anyway.

Key words: Parsimony, Character-polarization, median elimination series

张奠湘. 简约性，极性分析及中值淘汰法——与李朝銮先生商榷[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.

Zhang Dian-Xiang. Parsimony, Character-Polarization and Median Elimination Series—A Dissentation from Dr. Li[J]. .

[1]	赵铁桥. 分支格局、组份分析与中值淘汰法[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1997, 35(1): 88-96.
[2]	秦廷奎, 段宇. 李氏方法与Farris氏方法产生的分支系统树的比较[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1993, 31(1): 100-104.
[3]	李朝銮. 一个新的分支系统分析方法，中值淘汰法[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1990, 28(1): 34-53.

简约性，极性分析及中值淘汰法——与李朝銮先生商榷

Parsimony, Character-Polarization and Median Elimination Series—A Dissentation from Dr. Li

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