秃杉的细胞学研究

中国科学院大学学报

秃杉的细胞学研究

李林初

(复旦大学生物系，上海)

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1986-10-18 发布日期:1986-10-18
通讯作者: 李林初

Cytological Investigation of Taiwania flousiana Gaussen (Taxodiaceae)

Li Lin-Chu

(Department of Biology, Futan University, Shanghai)

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1986-10-18 Published:1986-10-18
Contact: Li Lin-Chu

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文首次报道秃杉的核型为K(2n)=22=16m+6sm， 3号染色体具“长着丝点区域”。似具比同属的台湾杉(18m+4sm)进化的趋势。它们均为"2B"。从国产杉科植物的核型类型看，似见"2B"的台湾杉属与"1B"的杉木属和"1A"的水杉属、水松属、柳杉属的亲缘关系依序由近到远并比它们进化。本作者还观察了秃杉的核仁数目和多微核现象。

关键词: 秃杉, 染色体, 核型, 核仁, 微核, 演化趋势

Abstract:

The present paper deals with the cytological investigation of Taiwania flousiana

Gaussen. The somatic chromosomes in root-tip cells of the plant are found to be 2n=22 for

the first time, all with median and submedian constrictions. According to the terminology de-

fined by Levan et al.^[11], the karyotype formula is K(2n)=16m+6sm, which belongs to “2B”

of Stebbins'^[16,17] karyotypic symmetry and is generally regarded as a relatively primitive one.

The species' chromosome complement is 2n=22=4L+6M₂+8M₁+4s according to the standard

defined by Kuo et al.^[10] based on relative length.

The nucleolus number in resting root-tip cells of T. flousiana is found to be 1-5 (Table

3). The percentage of cells with two nucleoli is 77.6%, and those with five nucleoli, the highest

number ever found by me, is only 1.6%. A few cells with many micronuclei are found in this

species for the first time (Plate 1, 1).

Although T. flousiana and T. cryptomerioider have the same “2B” type of karyotypic

symmetry, the differences in the arm ratio and the index of the karyotypic asymmetry (Table

2) show that the karyotype of the former is less symmetrical than that of the latter, so the

former may be a little more advanced than the latter.

The basic karyotype (2B) of Taiwania is more related to that of Cunninghamia (1B)^[3]

than to that (1A) of Metasequoia^[5], Glyptostrobus^[4] and Cryptomeria^[3]. Wang et al.^[1], have

reached the similar conclusion from the embryological study.

Key words: Taiwania flousiana, Chromosome, Karyotype, Nucleolus, Micronucleus, Evolutionary trend

李林初. 秃杉的细胞学研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.

Li Lin-Chu. Cytological Investigation of Taiwania flousiana Gaussen (Taxodiaceae)[J]. .

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