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类氢原子薛定谔方程解析解的进一步研究

  • 张中良 ,
  • 张武寿 ,
  • 张兆群
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  • 1. 中国科学院化学研究所, 北京 100080;
    2. 北京应用物理与计算数学研究所, 北京 100088
张中良,男,1939年5月生,研究员

收稿日期: 2001-04-16

  修回日期: 2001-07-02

  网络出版日期: 2002-03-18

基金资助

国家自然科学基金资助课题(10 14 5 0 0 6)

Further Study on the Analytical Solution of Schr dinger Equation of a Hydrogen-Like Atom

  • ZHANG Zhong-Liang ,
  • ZHANG Wu-Shou
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  • 1. Institute of Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080;
    2. Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088

Received date: 2001-04-16

  Revised date: 2001-07-02

  Online published: 2002-03-18

摘要

在以往工作基础上对类氢原子体系的薛定谔方程进行了进一步求解。若不忽略r-n因子,可以获得该方程的三组解析解:一组与传统类氢原子波函数相同;一组发散;另一组与传统径向波函数完全不同。由于考虑到原子核有一定的大小(size),最后一组径向波函数不随r趋于零而发散。该组径向波函数至少有如下显著特点:(1 )角量子数l必须大于主量子数n;(2)l不能为 0和 1;(3)与它相对应的电子云分布不同于传统的结果;(4)其电子云密度与相应传统结果比较,更靠近原子核。此外,其结果主要由数学推导结合某些物理考虑得出,其有效性还需要实验验证。

本文引用格式

张中良 , 张武寿 , 张兆群 . 类氢原子薛定谔方程解析解的进一步研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2002 , 19(2) : 186 -191 . DOI: 10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2002.2.016

Abstract

Based on the previous works, the Schrdinger equation of the hydrogen-like atom is analytically solved further. Three sets of analytical solutions are obtained if the factor r~ -nis not neglected. The first solution is the same as the traditional radial wave function, the second diverges, and the last one is quite different from the traditional solution. On the consideration of the finite size of the nuclear, the third wave function does not diverge when r approaches to zero. Its radial wave function has the following characteristics: (1) the angular-momentum quantum number l must be greater than the principal quantum number n; (2) l must not be 0 or 1; (3) the electron-cloud distribution differs from the traditional one; (4) the electron is closer to the nuclear than that in traditional results. On the other hand, the validity of solutions needs to be verified experimentally.

参考文献

[1] E G Harris.Introduction to Modern Theoretical Physics.Vol.2 Quantum Theory and Statistical Physics.New York:John Wiley &Sons, Inc.1975

[2] 曾谨言.量子力学.北京:科学出版社, 1984

[3] A Messiah.Mecanique Quantique.V.I, Translated by G M Temmer.Amsterdam:North -Holland Publishing Company, 1961

[4] J T Cushing.Applied Analytical Mathematics for Physical Scientists.New York:John Wiley &Sons, Inc.1975

[5] 张中良.在特定状态下发生核反应的可能性.物理化学力学进展, 1997(4):87

[6] 张中良, 钟明宏, 张兆群.类氢原子模型的改进及其薛定谔方程可能存在的解析解.化学通报, 1998 (3):42

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