收稿日期: 2013-06-25
修回日期: 2013-11-11
网络出版日期: 2014-05-15
基金资助
国家自然科学基金（41105082，41275017）、国家重点基础研究发展计划项目（2011CB403403）、环保公益性行业科研专项（2011467001，201409022）和中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项（PM-zx021-201211-103，PM-zx021-201311-024）资助
Health risk assessment of Pb emissions from MSW incineration plants
Received date: 2013-06-25
Revised date: 2013-11-11
Online published: 2014-05-15
引入CALPUFF模式模拟某市多个垃圾焚烧厂排放重金属Pb浓度的空间分布，进而对Pb的吸入性健康风险进行评估.结果表明，受局地气象条件及地形等影响，Pb的空间分布呈现显著的季节性差异及地形依赖性特征.秋冬季扩散范围较大，地面浓度高值区位于西南部，最大地面质量浓度分别为7.9×10-3和7.0×10-3μg/m3，春夏季扩散范围相对较小，浓度高值出现在中部，最大质量浓度分别为5.4×10-3和7.5×10-3μg/m3.各季节健康风险分布与地面质量浓度分布一致，儿童的暴露风险是成人的近2倍，成年男性暴露风险比女性稍高，但均远低于USEPA推荐的非致癌风险参考值，风险增量不及背景浓度下风险值的4%.
廖志恒 , 任明忠 , 孙家仁 , 范绍佳 , 吴兑 . 垃圾焚烧厂排放重金属Pb的吸入性健康风险评估[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2014 , 31(3) : 410 -417 . DOI: 10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2014.03.017
Atmospheric concentration of Pb from MSW incineration plants in the studied city was estimated by using CALPUFF model, and then inhalational health risk was assessed. The results indicate that, affected by local meteorological conditions and terrain, the concentration distribution shows significant seasonal variations and topography-dependent characteristics. In autumn and winter, Pb diffuses widely and spreads mainly in the southwest part of the city, with the maximal concentrations of 7.9 × 10-3 and 7.0 × 10-3 μg/m3, respectively. The diffusion area is relatively small in spring and summer, with the maximum values of 5.4 × 10-3 and 7.5 × 10-3 μg/m3, respectively, in the central region. The inhalational risk distribution is consistent with Pb concentration distribution. Children's exposure risk is nearly 2 times of the risk of adults, and males have slightly higher risk than females. The risk is negligible, compared with the risk reference recommended by USEPA, and it is even less than 4% of the background risk..
Key words： CALPUFF model; MSW incineration; Pb; health risk assessment
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