收稿日期: 2013-07-26
修回日期: 2013-11-29
网络出版日期: 2014-05-15
基金资助
甘肃省自然科学基金（1010RJZA001）、甘肃省气象局重大科研项目（2010-15）和干旱基金（IAMKY200801）资助
Pollution characteristics of carbonaceous aerosols in PM2.5 during winter in Lanzhou
Received date: 2013-07-26
Revised date: 2013-11-29
Online published: 2014-05-15
为深入探讨冬季兰州城市大气中碳气溶胶的污染特征，于2011年12月5—12日采集兰州城市大气PM2.5样品，利用DRI-2001A热/光碳分析仪测量元素碳（EC）和有机碳（OC）的浓度.结果显示：EC和OC的平均质量浓度分别为7.48μg/m3和22.71μg/m3.降雪是EC和OC浓度变化的主要因素.EC和OC的相关系数达到0.98，表明冬季兰州城市大气PM2.5中碳气溶胶的污染来源相对简单且基本相同.二次有机碳（SOC）的质量浓度是3.26μg/m3，仅占OC含量的14.4%，揭示出冬季兰州城市大气PM2.5中OC的主要来源是直接污染源.对碳气溶胶8种组分的因子分析结果表明，燃煤和机动车尾气的排放对冬季兰州城市大气PM2.5中碳气溶胶的污染有最主要的贡献.
李刚 , 石广玉 , 李宏宇 , 邓祖琴 . 冬季兰州城市大气PM2.5中碳气溶胶的污染特征[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2014 , 31(3) : 439 -443 . DOI: 10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2014.03.021
For studying the concentration characteristics and sources of carbonaceous aerosols during winter in Lanzhou, daily PM2.5 samples were collected during the period from 5 Dec to 12 Dec in 2011. Elemental carbon(EC) and organic carbon(OC) were measured by the thermal/optical method using DRI-2001A. The results indicated that the average mass concentrations of EC and OC were 7.48 and 22.71 μg/m3, respectively, during winter in Lanzhou.Snow had significant effect on the ambient concentrations of EC and OC. The correlation coefficient between EC and OC was 0.98,which revealed that the emission sources of carbonaceous aerosol were relatively simple during winter in Lanzhou and EC and OC had the same sources. Mass concentration of SOC was 3.26 μg/m3, and it was only 14.4% of the concentration of OC in PM2.5. Factor analysis on the eight carbon fractions of carbonaceous aerosol indicated that coal combustion and vehicle emissions were the major sources for carbonaceous aerosol in PM2.5.
Key words： PM2.5; OC; EC; SOC; factor analysis
[1] Muyzer G, Waal E C, Uiterlinden A G. Profiling of complex microbial populations by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of polymerase chain reaction-amplified gene coding for 16SrRNA[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1993, 59(3):695-700.
[2] Duan F K,He K B,Ma Y L, et al. Characteristics of carbonaceous aerosols in Beijing, China[J].Chemosphere, 2005, 60:355-364.
[3] Cao J J, Lee S C, Ho K F, et al. Spatial and seasonal variations of atmospheric organic carbon and elemental carbon in Pearl River Delta Region, China[J]. Atmos Environ, 2004, 38:4447-4456.
[4] Na K, Sawant A A, Song C, et al. Primary and secondary carbonaceous species in the atmosphere of Western Riverside County, California[J]. Atmos Environ, 2004, 38: 1345-1355.
[5] Zhang L,Zhang L,Zhang D L, et al. Property of black carbon concentration over outskirts of Lanzhou, Northwest China[J]. China Environmental Science, 2011,31(8):1248-1255 (in Chinese). 张磊,张镭,张丁玲,等. 兰州远郊区黑碳气溶胶浓度特征[J].中国环境科学,2011,31(8):1248-1255.
[6] 黄虹,李顺诚,曹军骥,等. 气溶胶有机碳元素碳基本特征研究的前沿动态[J],环境科学与技术,2005,28(3):112-114.
[7] Li J J,Shen Z X,Tong Z,et al. Day-night variation of carbonaceous aerosols in PM10 during winter and spring over Xi'an[J]. Environmental Science, 2009,30(5):1506-1513(in Chinese). 李建军,沈振兴,同帜,等. 西安冬春季PM10中碳气溶胶的昼夜变化特征[J].环境科学,2009,30(5):1506-1513.
[8] Li X R,Wang Y F,Guo X Q,et al. Size distribution and characterization of EC and OC in aerosols during the Olympics of Beijing, China[J]. Environmental Science, 2011,32(2):313-318 (in Chinese). 李杏茹,王英峰,郭雪清,等. 2008年奥运期间北京不同粒径大气颗粒物中元素碳和有机碳的变化特征[J].环境科学,2011,32(2):313-318
[9] Ding C. Study on the pollution characters of PM2.5 and carbon aerosol in Xi'an based on the high resolution data. Xi'an: Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, 2012:1-65(in Chinese). 丁超.基于高分辨率观测数据对西安市PM(2.5)及其碳气溶胶的污染特性研究.西安:西安建筑科技大学,2012:1-65.
[10] Turpin B J, Cary R A, Huntzicker J J, et al. Time-resolved analyzed for aerosol organic and elemental carbon[J]. Aerosol Science Technology, 1990, 12: 161-171.
[11] Schauer J J, Kleeman M J, Cass G R, et al. Measurement of emission from air pollution sources 2 C1 through C30 organic compounds from medium duty diesel trucks[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 1999, 33: 1578-1180.
[12] Schauer J J, Kleeman M J, Cass G R, et al. Measurement of emission from air pollution sources 5 C1-C32 organic compounds from gasoline-powered motor vehicle[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2002, 36: 1169-1587.
[13] Chen Y J, Zhi G R, Feng Y, et al. Measurement of emission factors for primary carbonaceous particles from residential raw-coal combustion in china[J]. Geophysical Research Letter, 2006, 33: L20815.
[14] Schauer J J, Kleeman M J, Cass G R, et al. Measurement of emission from air pollution sources 3 C1-C29 organic compounds from fireplace combustion of wood[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2001, 35:1716-1728.
[15] Chow J C, Watson J G, Lu Z, et al. Descriptive analysis of PM2.5 and PM10 at regionally representative locations during SJVAQAS/AUSPEX[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 1996, 30(12): 2079-2112.
[16] Castro L M, Pio C A, Harrision R M, et al. Carbonaceous aerosol in urban and rural European atmospheres: Estimation of secondary organic carbon concentrations[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 1999, 33:2771-2781.
[17] Cao J J, Lee S C, Ho K F, et al. Characterization research of roadside fine particulate carbon and its eight fractions in hong kong[J]. aerosol air quality research, 2006, 6(2): 106-122.
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
