近些年来,由于地下水资源的过量开采,已经引发地面沉降、植被退化、土壤盐渍化等一系列的生态环境问题.三维地下水含水层模型能够直观展示含水层的空间分布,可为进行水资源评价,预测地下水的动态变化趋势,合理开采利用地下水提供决策支持和技术支撑.本文基于GMS软件,以获取的钻孔数据为源数据,构建苏锡常部分地区的三维地下水含水层模型.通过对研究区进行分区,针对每个分区地质单元的特点在钻孔稀疏地区和地层尖灭地区引入虚拟钻孔,并利用地质剖面图对模型构建过程中的钻孔剖面进行约束的方式对模型进行修正和处理.结果表明,模型的精度有了显著提高,所揭示的三维含水层模型与勘探资料基本相符.该模型对指导地下水开发利用,优化种植结构,制定节水灌溉措施具有重要的现实意义.
In recent years, the excessive exploitation of groundwater resources caused a series of ecological and environmental problems, such as land subsidence, vegetation degradation, and soil salinization. The 3D groundwater aquifer model can intuitively show the spatial distribution of aquifer and provide decision and technical supports to water resource evaluation, prediction, and reasonable exploitation. By using GMS software, a 3D model of groundwater aquifers in some areas of Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou region is constructed based on the borehole data. The model is modified by partitioning the study area and by introducing virtual borehole and geological cross-section in the borehole sparse and stratigraphic pinch-out areas for enhancing the model precision. The results show that the accuracy has been significantly improved, and the 3D model revealed is basically consistent with the survey data. This model will be useful for guiding utilization of groundwater, optimization of planning structure, and development of water-saving irrigation measures.
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