新疆不同气候区的气温和降水变化及其对地表水资源的影响

李佳秀; 陈亚宁; 刘志辉

doi:10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2018.03.012

中国科学院大学学报 >

2018 , Vol. 35 >Issue 3: 370 - 381

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2018.03.012

环境科学与地理学

新疆不同气候区的气温和降水变化及其对地表水资源的影响

李佳秀 ,
陈亚宁 ,
刘志辉

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1 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所/荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830011;
2 新疆大学资源与环境科学学院, 乌鲁木齐 830046;
3 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期: 2017-03-06

修回日期: 2017-05-22

网络出版日期: 2018-05-15

基金资助

国家自然科学基金（41630859）和中国科学院"西部之光"人才培养引进计划（2016-QNXZ-B-12）资助

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Variations in temperature and precipitation and their influences on surface water resource in different climate zones of Xinjiang

LI Jiaxiu ,
CHEN Yaning ,
LIU Zhihui

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1 State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;
2 College of Resource and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China;
3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received date: 2017-03-06

Revised date: 2017-05-22

Online published: 2018-05-15

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摘要

运用Mann-Kendall趋势检验法、典型相关分析法和逐步回归分析法研究新疆不同气候区气温和降水的时空变化特征及其对地表水资源的影响。结果如下。1）近50多年来，新疆气温和降水分别以0.32℃/10 a和8 mm/10 a的倾向率增加，气温增加趋势更显著，且以最低温增温幅度最大。2）气温和降水在1987年发生显著突变，突变后气温的增长幅度更大，而降水由突变前的弱下降趋势变为突变后的弱上升趋势。3）气温和降水的增长率自北向南逐渐减小，北疆暖湿变化明显。4）阿尔泰山南坡区和天山北坡区的地表水资源主要由水文年降水变化主导，而天山南坡区和昆仑山北麓区的地表水资源主要由5—9月气温变化主导。

关键词： 新疆; 不同气候区; 地表水资源; 典型相关分析

本文引用格式

李佳秀 , 陈亚宁 , 刘志辉 . 新疆不同气候区的气温和降水变化及其对地表水资源的影响[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2018 , 35(3) : 370 -381 . DOI: 10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2018.03.012

Abstract

In this paper we use Mann-Kendall test method, canonical correlation analysis, and stepwise regression analysis methods to study temperature and precipitation variations in different climate zones of Xinjiang and study influence factors on surface water resource. The results are shown as follows. 1)Temperature and precipitation increase at the rates of 0.32℃/10a and 8mm/10a, respectively. Temperature increase is more significant and it is mainly contributed by the lowest-temperature increase. 2)Temperature rises faster after 1987 than before, while precipitation shows a weak downward trend before 1987 and a weak upward trend after 1987. 3)The increase rates of both temperature and precipitation gradually decrease from north to south, and the northern Xinjiang becomes more warm and wet. 4)The surface water resources of the southern slop of Altai Mountains and the northern slop of Tianshan Mountains are mainly dominated by the hydrological years precipitation change, while the resources of the southern slop of Tianshan Mountains and the northern slop of Kunlun Mountains are mainly dominated by the temperature change during the period from May to September.

Key words： Xinjiang; different climate zones; surface water resource; canonical correlation analysis

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