20世纪中期以来中国沿海经历了多次围填海热潮，2000年以来环渤海区域大规模围填海已使其成为近期中国围填海的重点区域。利用地形图、海图和遥感影像等资料获取的渤海多时相的平面重心、立体重心、海岸线、低潮线、等深线、海区面积和海区体积等指标变化信息，系统揭示渤海形态的长期变化特征。结果表明：近70年来，渤海面积不断萎缩，岸线普遍向海扩张，导致渤海的平面重心总体向东偏北方向移动，但渤海的平面周长总体呈增加趋势，平面形状趋于复杂；近50年来，渤海体积总体呈下降趋势，立体重心的位置趋于变深。自然条件下的河口三角洲发育和人类围填海活动是渤海形态变化的主要原因，但渤海形态变化的驱动力已由早期的以自然因素为主转变为近期的以人类活动因素为主。
China has experienced several booms in sea reclamation since the mid-20th century. The reclamation in Bohai Rim expanded dramatically in a scale much larger than in other coastal zones in China, especially since 2 000. Therefore, based on topographic maps, nautical charts, and multi-temporal remote sensing imageries, the two-dimensional centroid, three-dimensional centroid, shoreline, low tide line, depth contour, bay area, and water volume of Bohai Sea since the 1940s were extracted and analyzed to reveal the tendencies, characters, and driving factors of long-term shape changes of Bohai Sea. The results indicate that, during the past 70 years, the area of Bohai Sea decreased continuously and that shoreline, low tide line, and 5 m isobaths shifted toward the sea in most coastal areas. Consequently, the two-dimensional centroid of Bohai Sea moved northeastward significantly, while the perimeter increased remarkably and the geometric shape became complicated. During the past 50 years, overall, the volume of Bohai Sea declined and the three-dimensional centroid dived significantly. The development of estuary delta and sea reclamation were the fundamental driving forces of long-term shape changes of Bohai Sea. However, the human forces have gradually exceeded the natural forces.
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