Saline-alkali soil restricts the normal growth of plants. Understanding the adaptation mechanism of grasses to NaHCO3 and Na2CO3 stress is important for the utilization of saline-alkali soil and the cultivation of crops. In this experiment, Puccinelia chinampoensis and Elymus dahuricus were treated with NaHCO3 and Na2CO3 mixtures. The seed germination rate, seedling dry weight, a series of leaf physiological parameters, including cell membrane permeability, photosynthetic gas exchange parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, superoxide dismutase activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, as well as leaf and root Na+, K+ ion contents were measured. The results showed that stress treatment reduced the seed germination rate, dry matter accumulation of seedlings, leaf net photosynthetic rate and electron transfer quantum efficiency, and increased the relative conductivity and MDA content of the two plant species. Under stress, the damage of the leaf cell plasma membrane of P. chinampoensis was greater than that of E. dahuricus, and the photosynthetic gas exchange parameters were more affected. E. dahuricus maintained higher SOD enzyme activity and lower MDA content than P. chinampoensis under stress treatments. In conclusion, the mixed treatment of NaHCO3 and Na2CO3 inhibited the normal growth of P. chinampoensis and E. dahuricus, but E. dahuricus was more resistant than P. chinampoensis. This study provides theoretical basis for soil bioremediation and planting of grasses in saline-alkali areas.
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