农村基础设施补短板在精准扶贫中发挥了重要作用，而农村基础设施的合理高效利用是进一步实现乡村振兴的关键。使用超效率DEA方法对2014—2019年间南疆4地州33个区县的农村基础设施对农民增收的影响效率进行分析，得出如下结论：1）南疆农村基础设施对农民增收的影响效率未达到有效，尚需提高。2）农村基础设施对农民增收的影响效率存在显著的区域差异，自然条件较好、人均收入较高、村庄人口规模较大的区域，其影响效率更高。3）影响效率增长尚不稳定，技术进步的波动是效率增长不稳定的主要原因。在政策方面，应重点推进低效区农村基础设施建设，加强农村基础设施的管理维护与监管，积极引导农民对农村基础设施的使用，从而实现农村基础设施对农民增收的影响效率的持续稳定提高，加快推进乡村振兴。
Rural infrastructure construction has played an important role in targeted poverty alleviation, and the rational and efficient use of rural infrastructure is the key to further realizing rural revitalization. In this paper, super-efficiency DEA method was used to analyze the impact efficiency of rural infrastructure on farmers' income increase in 33 districts and counties of four prefectures in Southern Xinjiang during 2014 to 2019, and the following conclusions were drawn:1) The effect efficiency of rural infrastructure on farmers' income increase in Southern Xinjiang has not been effective and needs to be improved. 2) There are significant regional differences in the impact efficiency of rural infrastructure on farmers' income, and areas with better natural conditions, higher per capita income and larger village population have higher impact efficiency. 3) The impact efficiency growth is not stable, and the fluctuation of technological progress is the main reason for the instability of efficiency growth. In terms of policy, we should focus on promoting the construction of rural infrastructure in low-efficiency areas, strengthening the management, maintenance and supervision of rural infrastructure, and actively guiding farmers to use rural infrastructure, so as to realize the continuous and stable improvement of the efficiency of rural infrastructure on increasing farmers' income and accelerating the rural revitalization.
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