公平视角下厦门市保障房与商品房就医可达性对比

刘文惠; 张国钦; 王阳

doi:10.7523/j.ucas.2023.059

中国科学院大学学报 >

2025 , Vol. 42 >Issue 2: 186 - 198

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7523/j.ucas.2023.059

环境科学与地理学

公平视角下厦门市保障房与商品房就医可达性对比

刘文惠 ,
张国钦 ,
王阳

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1. 中国科学院城市环境研究所中国科学院城市环境与健康重点实验室/厦门市城市环境智慧管理重点实验室, 福建厦门 361021;
2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
3. 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院先进计算和数字工程研究所, 广东深圳 518055

收稿日期: 2023-02-02

修回日期: 2023-05-18

网络出版日期: 2023-05-18

基金资助

国家自然科学基金(41871167)和宁波市科技计划重点项目(2021S081)资助

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Medical accessibility of affordable housing and commercial housing in Xiamen from the perspective of equity

LIU Wenhui ,
ZHANG Guoqin ,
WANG Yang

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1. CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Xiamen Key Laboratory of Smart Management of Urban Environment, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3. Institute of Advanced Computing and Digital Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China

Received date: 2023-02-02

Revised date: 2023-05-18

Online published: 2023-05-18

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摘要

以厦门市为例，结合百度地图实时交通数据测度驾车及公共交通方式下保障房与商品房的就医可达性，通过分析两类住房就医可达性差异及其在城市内不同分区及不同交通方式下的表现特征，探究不同住房群体的就医空间公平性。研究结果显示：1)保障房相较商品房而言，在建设选址及周边医疗设施配套建设上处于明显劣势；2)无论在何种出行方式及区域尺度下，保障房就医可达性均低于商品房，且二者就医空间不公平现象在外围市区及采用公共交通出行时尤为突出；3)即便是医疗设施配建充足，两类住房就医可达性均较好、驾车出行下就医空间公平性较好的城市核心分区，在以公共交通为出行方式就医时也存在着空间不公平现象。研究结果反映出厦门市医疗设施空间配置在不同类型住房中的不均衡与偏向性，也体现出居住于保障房中、更依赖于公共交通的群体面临着更低的就医可达性。政府有关部门未来应重点加强对外围市区保障房周边医疗设施配套建设，并重视保障房周边公共交通体系的配套建设；此外，在未来规划新建保障房时应注重选址的公平性，并同步做好公共服务设施规划，将社会公平理念落实于规划实践中。

关键词： 保障房; 商品房; 就医可达性; 公共交通; 空间公平

本文引用格式

刘文惠 , 张国钦 , 王阳 . 公平视角下厦门市保障房与商品房就医可达性对比[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2025 , 42(2) : 186 -198 . DOI: 10.7523/j.ucas.2023.059

Abstract

The rational planning and equitable allocation of medical facilities are closely related to public health and social justice. This paper takes Xiamen as an example and combines real-time traffic data from Baidu Maps to measure the medical accessibility of affordable housing and commercial housing by driving and public transportation, and explores the spatial equity of medical services for different housing groups by analyzing the differences in accessibility between the two types of housing and their characteristics under different zoning and transportation modes in the city. The results indicate that: 1) Compared with commercial housing, affordable housing is more disadvantaged in terms of site selection and the construction of supporting medical facilities in the surrounding area; 2) Regardless of the travel mode and regional scale, the accessibility of affordable housing is lower than that of commercial housing, and the spatial inequity between the two is more obvious in the peripheral urban areas and when using public transportation; 3) Even in the core urban areas where medical facilities are adequate, the accessibility of housing is better, and the spatial equity of medical care is better by car, the spatial inequity of medical services exists when using public transportation. The results of the study reflect the uneven and biased spatial allocation of medical facilities among different housing types in Xiamen, and also show the lower spatial equity of medical services faced by people living in affordable housing in the peripheral urban areas and are more dependent on public transportation. The relevant government departments should focus on strengthening the construction of medical facilities around affordable housing in the peripheral urban areas, and pay attention to the construction of the public transportation system around affordable housing. In addition, when planning new affordable housing in the future, the fairness of site selection should be emphasized, and the planning of public service facilities should be done at the same time to put the concept of social equity into practice in planning.

Key words： affordable housing; commercial housing; medical accessibility; public transportation; spatial equity

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