分叉微通道换热器对流换热性能的数值模拟
收稿日期: 2024-07-26
修回日期: 2024-09-02
网络出版日期: 2024-09-24
基金资助
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(E2E42203)
Numerical simulation of convective heat transfer performance of bifurcated microchannel heat sink
Received date: 2024-07-26
Revised date: 2024-09-02
Online published: 2024-09-24
受叶脉等自然分叉结构的启发，采用数值模拟的方法研究分叉微通道换热器基本单元的对流换热情况。在固定第1级通道参数的基础上，改变分叉结构第2级通道的宽度，详细分析通道内的温度场以及流场，得到入口到第2级通道各个位置处的压降、对流换热系数和综合换热评价系数。结果显示，分叉结构起到增强流体扰动和打断并形成新流体边界层的作用，强化换热的同时也使得温度分布更均匀。在第2级流道1 mm以内，内部流动入口效应影响较大，当分叉后水力直径与分叉前水力直径比值为0.54时，综合换热评价系数最大；在第2级流道1 mm以外，当分叉后水力直径与分叉前水力直径比值为0.80时，综合换热评价系数最大。
柯伟宣 , 穆建超 , 王豪 , 蔡可蒙 , 刘捷 . 分叉微通道换热器对流换热性能的数值模拟[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2026 , 43(4) : 478 -487 . DOI: 10.7523/j.ucas.2024.071
Inspired by the natural bifurcation structure such as leaf veins， this paper uses numerical simulation to study the convective heat transfer of the basic unit of the bifurcated microchannel heat sink. On the basis of fixing the parameters of the first-stage-channel， changing the width of the second-stage-channel of the bifurcated structure， and analyzing the temperature field and flow field in the channel in detail， the pressure drop， convective heat transfer coefficient and comprehensive heat transfer evaluation coefficient from the inlet to the second-stage were obtained. The results show that the bifurcation structure can enhance the fluid disturbance， interrupt and form a new fluid boundary layer， strengthen the heat transfer and make the temperature distribution more uniform. Within 1 mm of the inlet of the second-stage-channel diameter， the inlet effect of internal flow is more influential， and the comprehensive heat transfer evaluation coefficient reaches its maximum when the ratio of hydraulic diameter after bifurcation to that before bifurcation is 0.54. When the ratio of hydraulic diameter bifurcation is 0.80， the comprehensive heat transfer evaluation coefficient reaches its maximum outside the second-stage-channel above 1 mm. The research can be used as a reference and guidance for the optimal design of bifurcated microchannel heat sinks.
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