干旱和高温是常发的灾害性气候事件，可引发不同程度的经济损失。随着社会经济发展，其致灾性与社会经济条件叠加放大了灾害损失。聚焦1984—2021年中国高温干旱复合事件特征及经济损失，基于标准化方法构建干旱强度与灾害损失率关系模型，分析社会经济发展对干旱经济损失的影响，为干旱损失预估和区域防灾策略提供科学依据。结果显示，1984—1990年为干旱高发期，西南、黄淮中部和长江上游为主要干旱中心，经济损失尤为显著。原始损失随时间增加，而剔除人口和经济增长影响后的损失呈下降趋势，且与干旱时空分布高度一致。人口增长和经济发展是中国干旱经济损失显著增加的主要驱动因素，标准化处理能更准确反映干旱事件实际影响。

As socioeconomic development progresses， the interaction between climatic hazards and socioeconomic conditions amplifies substantial economic losses at varying scales. This study focuses on the characteristics and economic impacts of compound drought-heatwave events in China from 1984 to 2021. Using a standardized methodology， we developed a drought intensity-loss ratio model to isolate the influence of socioeconomic development on drought-related economic losses， providing a scientific basis for loss estimation and regional disaster prevention strategies. The results indicate that 1984 to 1990 was a period of high drought frequency， with the primary drought centers located in Southwest China， the central Huang-Huai region， and the upper Yangtze River， where economic losses were particularly significant. While raw economic losses increased over time， losses adjusted for population and economic growth showed a declining trend， closely aligning with the spatiotemporal distribution of droughts. Population growth and economic development are identified as the main drivers of the significant increase in China’s drought-related economic losses. The standardization approach effectively reveals the actual impacts of drought events. Based on these findings， this study constructed a drought intensity-loss ratio model to better characterize the relationship between natural drought variability and economic losses， offering a robust framework for accurately assessing drought impacts and supporting disaster mitigation strategies.