由于电子密度分布、激励功率、气压等因素的影响，等离子体天线参数（增益、方向图等）通常难以求解。本文利用时域差分建立电磁波沿等离子体天线激励和传播的模型，得到不同参数（如激励功率、碰撞频率、等离子体迟豫时间、每个电子对所需能量）对等离子体轴向电子密度分布的影响，解释了不同激励情况下电子密度的线性和非线性分布，并解决了信号沿等离子体天线传播的波矢分布、辐射方向图的求解问题。

Under the influence of such factors as plasma density, exciting power, air pressure, it is difficult to solve plasma antenna parameters, for example, gain, radiation pattern. This paper uses time domain difference method to build a model of plasma antenna excitation and radiation driven by electromagnetic wave, and shows the influence of different parameters on plasma axis density distribution, for instance, exciting power, collision frequency, plasma delay time, ionization energy. In addition, it explains the linear and non-linear distribution of plasma density on different exciting occasions. Furthermore, it solves the wave vector distribution and radiationpattern of signal transmit by plasma antenna.