青海湖湖东沙地人工植被恢复对风蚀的影响

doi:10.7523/j.ucas.2024.059

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 青海湖湖东沙地是青藏高原风沙活动最为严重的地区之一,威胁着区域生态系统的稳定性。本研究通过分析不同类型和恢复年限的人工植物群落,探讨植被恢复对风沙活动的抑制效果。结果表明,植被恢复降低了风速,减少了风沙活动。固定沙地上的“沙蒿-沙棘群落”和半固定沙地上的“沙蒿-乌柳群落”在降低风速方面效果较好,优于流沙地。此外,群落结构和多样性在防风固沙过程中发挥了重要作用,物种和功能多样性的增加提升了生态功能。研究还发现,人工群落恢复改善了土壤粒度分布,增加了细粒和粉粒含量,提高了土壤抗风蚀能力。总之,人工植被恢复在提高生态功能和防治风沙活动方面具有重要意义,为高寒沙地的生态恢复提供了理论依据和实践指导。

关键词: 人工植物群落, 植被恢复, 防风护沙, 青海湖

Abstract: The eastern sandy land of Qinghai Lake is one of the most severely affected areas by wind-blown sand activities on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, threatening the stability of the regional ecosystem. This study analyzes different types and restoration ages of artificial plant communities to investigate the effects of vegetation restoration on suppressing aeolian activities. The results show that vegetation restoration reduces wind speed and decreases aeolian activity. The "Artemisia desertorum-Hippophae rhamnoides community" on fixed sandy land and the "Artemisia desertorum-Salix oritrepha community" on semi-fixed sandy land were more effective in reducing wind speed compared to shifting sands. Additionally, the structure and diversity of plant communities played a crucial role in wind erosion control, with increased species and functional diversity enhancing ecological functions. The study also found that artificial community restoration improved soil particle size distribution, increasing the content of fine and silt particles, thereby enhancing soil resistance to wind erosion. In summary, artificial vegetation restoration significantly improves ecological functions and mitigates aeolian activities, providing theoretical and practical guidance for ecological restoration in cold sandy areas.

Key words: Artificial Plant Communities, Vegetation Restoration, Windproof And Sand-Fixation, Qinghai Lake

中图分类号:

X171.4

赵爱斌, 娄安如. 青海湖湖东沙地人工植被恢复对风蚀的影响[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, DOI: 10.7523/j.ucas.2024.059.

ZHAO Aibin, LOU Anru. The impact of artificial vegetation restoration on wind erosion in the eastern sandy land of Qinghai Lake[J]. Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, DOI: 10.7523/j.ucas.2024.059.

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