2024年1月23日新疆乌什 Ms7.1地震对山西北部的动态应力扰动特征分析*

doi:10.7523/j.ucas.2025.046

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 大地震能在远距离直接或延迟触发地震,为探讨其触发机制,有必要深入了解强远震面波的动态应力特征及其在远距离断层面上的动态库仑应力变化。四分量钻孔应变仪能够直接观测到钻孔周围岩体的应力张量,在研究动态应力库仑应力变化方面具有独特的作用。本文分析了2024年1月23日2时9分4秒新疆乌什县M_S7.1地震在山西北部右玉、应县、阳曲和怀仁4个四分量钻孔应变台站记录到的100 Hz地震应变波形,识别出P波、S波和面波震相,对比计算了干燥岩石和水饱和岩石状态时远震在口泉断裂带上的动态库仑应力变化,并通过应变震级估计了震中距与最大应力振幅之间的关系。结果显示：远震在山西北部产生的体应力最大振幅值为0.96 kPa,最大剪应力最大振幅值为1.37 kPa;远震对口泉断裂（走向N35°E、倾角50°、正断层）的动态库仑应力变化,在介质为干燥岩石和水饱和岩石时峰值分别为1.6 kPa和1.9 kPa,均低于动态应力触发阈值,表明该断裂带发生的山西左云M_S3.0和乌什M_S7.1地震之间没有明显的触发关系。本文的思路和方法,对今后更大远震可能产生的触发效应提供了研究基础。

关键词: 动态应力, 四分量钻孔应变仪, 地震触发, 库仑应力变化

Abstract: Large earthquakes can trigger earthquakes directly or delayed at long distances, and in order to explore the triggering mechanism, it is necessary to gain a deeper understanding of the dynamic stress characteristics of strong teleseismic surface waves and their dynamic Coulomb stress change on long-distance fault surfaces. Four-component borehole strainmeters are capable of directly observing the stress tensor in the rock surrounding a borehole and are uniquely suited to study dynamic stress Coulomb stress changes. In this paper, we analyze the 100 Hz seismic strain waveforms recorded at 4 four-component borehole strain stations, namely, Youyu, Yingxian, Yangqu, and Huairen, in northwestern Shanxi province, from the January 23, 2024, 2:09:04 M_S7.1 earthquake in Wushi County, Xinjiang, China. P-, S-, and surface wave phases were identified, the dynamic Coulomb stress changes in the Kouquan fault zone for teleseismic earthquakes in dry and water-saturated rock states were calculated comparatively, and the relationship between the epicenter distance and the maximum stress amplitude was estimated from the strain magnitude. The results show that the maximum amplitude of the body stress produced by the teleseismic earthquake in northern Shanxi is 0.96 kPa, and the maximum amplitude of the maximum shear stress is 1.37 kPa; the dynamic Coulomb stress change of the Kouquan fault (strike N35°E, dip 50°, positive fault) by the teleseismic earthquake has a peak value of 1.6 kPa and 1.9 kPa when the medium is dry and water-saturated rock, respectively, which is below the dynamic stress triggering thresholds, indicating that there is no obvious triggering relationship between the Shanxi Zuoyun M_S3.0 and Wushi M_S7.1 earthquakes that occurred in this fault zone. The ideas and methods in this paper provide a basis for research on the possible triggering effects of larger teleseismic earthquakes in the future.

Key words: dynamic stress, four-component borehole strainmeter, earthquake triggering, coulomb stress change

中图分类号:

P315

陈永前, 张怀, 石耀霖. 2024年1月23日新疆乌什 Ms7.1地震对山西北部的动态应力扰动特征分析^*[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, DOI: 10.7523/j.ucas.2025.046.

CHEN Yongqian, ZHANG Huai, SHI Yaolin. Analysis of the dynamic stress characteristics of the Xinjiang Wushi Ms 7.1 earthquake recorded at the borehole strain station in northern Shanxi[J]. Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, DOI: 10.7523/j.ucas.2025.046.

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2024年1月23日新疆乌什 Ms7.1地震对山西北部的动态应力扰动特征分析^*

Analysis of the dynamic stress characteristics of the Xinjiang Wushi Ms 7.1 earthquake recorded at the borehole strain station in northern Shanxi

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