火焰合成多元前驱物单液滴燃烧微爆的实验单元设计与地面实验研究*

doi:10.7523/j.ucas.2026.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 火焰喷雾热解合成因其设备紧凑、装置简单,非常适用于地外原位资源利用,有助于实现未来可持续的深空探索。其中微爆现象能促进气相转化路径,从而形成粒径均匀、纯度高的纳米颗粒。本研究设计了一种安装在多元扩散平焰燃烧器内的单液滴发生装置,结合阴影成像法研究单液滴的燃烧微爆行为。实验以硝酸铝/乙醇为前驱物、二乙基己酸为添加剂,探究不同添加剂浓度和火焰温度下液滴的微爆特性。结果表明液滴的微爆概率随着温度升高及添加剂浓度增大而提高。此外发现前驱体中的液相反应对微爆发生具有促进作用。该装置设计与初步研究结果将将有效揭示高温燃烧条件下液滴燃烧微爆机制,为火焰合成过程的精准调控奠定关键性基础。

关键词: 火焰合成, 多元前驱物, 单液滴发生器, 多元扩散平焰燃烧器, 微爆

Abstract: Flame spray pyrolysis, benefitted from its compact equipment and straightforward setup, is well‑suited for in‑situ resource utilization in extraterrestrial environments, supporting sustainable deep‑space exploration. The micro‑explosion phenomenon in the flame-synthesis process promotes gas‑phase transformation, enabling the production of uniform, high‑purity functional nanoparticles. In this study, a single‑droplet generator integrated into a multi‑element diffusion flat‑flame burner was designed and combined with high‑speed shadowgraph technique to investigate the micro‑explosion of precursor droplets traversing the flame front. Using aluminum nitrate as the precursor, ethanol as the solvent, and 2‑ethylhexanoic acid as the additive, the micro‑explosion behavior was examined at varying additive concentrations and flame temperatures. The results show that the probability of micro‑explosion increases with higher flame temperatures and higher additive concentrations. Furthermore, liquid‑phase reactions within the precursor were found to promote micro‑explosion. This study aimed to systematically elucidate the core mechanisms of droplets micro-explosion and pave ways for precise control of atomized flame synthesis.

Key words: flame synthesis, multicomponent precursor, single-droplet generator, multi-element diffusion flat-flame burner, microexplosion

中图分类号:

TK02

刘鸿, 孟虎, 任翊华. 火焰合成多元前驱物单液滴燃烧微爆的实验单元设计与地面实验研究^*[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, DOI: 10.7523/j.ucas.2026.005.

LIU Hong, MENG Hu, REN Yihua. Experimental unit design and ground experiments for flame synthesis of single-droplet combustion and microexplosion of multi-component precursors[J]. Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, DOI: 10.7523/j.ucas.2026.005.

参考文献

[1] Fujiwara K, Pratsinis S E.Single Pd atoms on TiO₂ dominate photocatalytic NO_x removal[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2018, 226: 127-134. DOI:10.1016/j.apcatb.2017.12.042.
[2] Gao F C, Xu Z W, Zhao H B.Flame spray pyrolysis made Pt/TiO₂ photocatalysts with ultralow platinum loading and high hydrogen production activity[J]. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 2021, 38(4): 6503-6511. DOI:10.1016/j.proci.2020.06.330.
[3] Wang N F, Li S Q, Zong Y C, et al.Sintering inhibition of flame-made Pd/CeO₂ nanocatalyst for low-temperature methane combustion[J]. Journal of Aerosol Science, 2017, 105: 64-72. DOI:10.1016/j.jaerosci.2016.11.017.
[4] Krumeich F, Waser O, Pratsinis S E.Thermal annealing dynamics of carbon-coated LiFePO₄ nanoparticles studied by in-situ analysis[J]. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 2016, 242: 96-102. DOI:10.1016/j.jssc.2016.07.002.
[5] Yi E, Temeche E, Laine R M.Superionically conducting β′′-Al₂O₃ thin films processed using flame synthesized nanopowders[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2018, 6(26): 12411-12419. DOI:10.1039/C8TA02907E.
[6] Zhang J N, Muldoon V L, Deng S L.Accelerated synthesis of Li(Ni_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1)O₂ cathode materials using flame-assisted spray pyrolysis and additives[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2022, 528: 231244. DOI:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.231244.
[7] Kemmler J A, Pokhrel S, Mädler L, et al.Flame spray pyrolysis for sensing at the nanoscale[J]. Nanotechnology, 2013,24(44):442001. DOI:10.1088/0957-4484/24/44/442001.
[8] Estévez M, Cicuéndez M, Crespo J, et al.Large-scale production of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles by flame spray pyrolysis: In vitro biological evaluation for biomedical applications[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2023, 650(Pt A): 560-572. DOI:10.1016/j.jcis.2023.07.009.
[9] Kumar A, Chen H W, Yang S Y.Modeling microexplosion mechanism in droplet combustion: Puffing and droplet breakup[J]. Energy, 2023, 266:126369. DOI:10.1016/j.energy.2022.126369.
[10] Califano V, Calabria R, Massoli P.Experimental evaluation of the effect of emulsion stability on micro-explosion phenomena for water-in-oil emulsions[J]. Fuel, 2014, 117: 87-94. DOI:10.1016/j.fuel.2013.08.073.
[11] Feng S N, Zhu Z, Lin H F, et al.Combustion and microexplosion characteristics in droplets of kerosene with boron nanoparticles and 1-pentanol[J]. Acta Astronautica, 2025, 232: 364-373. DOI:10.1016/j.actaastro.2025.03.030.
[12] Li H P, Pokhrel S, Schowalter M, et al.The gas-phase formation of tin dioxide nanoparticles in single droplet combustion and flame spray pyrolysis[J]. Combustion and Flame, 2020, 215: 389-400. DOI:10.1016/j.combustflame.2020.02.004.
[13] Stodt M F B, Groeneveld J D, Mädler L, et al. Microexplosions of multicomponent drops in spray flames[J]. Combustion and Flame, 2022, 240:112043. DOI:10.1016/j.combustflame.2022.112043.
[14] Witte A, Mädler L.Single droplet combustion of iron nitrate-based precursor solutions: Investigation of time- and size scales of isolated burning FSP-droplets[J]. Applications in Energy and Combustion Science, 2023, 14:100147. DOI:10.1016/j.jaecs.2023.100147.
[15] Li H, Rosebrock C D, Riefler N, et al.Experimental investigation on microexplosion of single isolated burning droplets containing titanium tetraisopropoxide for nanoparticle production[J]. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 2017, 36(1): 1011-1018. DOI:10.1016/j.proci.2016.09.017.
[16] Stodt M F B, Gonchikzhapov M, Kasper T, et al. Chemistry of iron nitrate-based precursor solutions for spray-flame synthesis[J]. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2019, 21(44): 24793-24801. DOI:10.1039/C9CP05007H.
[17] Meng H, Ren Y H, Cameron F, et al.In-situ temperature and major species measurements of sooting flames based on short-gated spontaneous Raman scattering[J]. Applied Physics B, 2023, 129(2):32. DOI:10.1007/s00340-023-07972-6.
[18] Meng H, Huang B D, Ren Y H.Manipulating non-equilibrium by quenching flow in atmospheric-pressure microwave plasmas[J]. Plasma Sources Science and Technology, 2025, 34(4):045001. DOI:10.1088/1361-6595/adc333.
[19] Rosebrock C D, Riefler N, Wriedt T, et al.Disruptive burning of precursor/solvent droplets in flame-spray synthesis of nanoparticles[J]. AIChE Journal, 2013, 59(12): 4553-4566. DOI:10.1002/aic.14234.
[20] Angel S, Neises J, Dreyer M, et al.Spray-flame synthesis of La(Fe, Co)O₃ nano-perovskites from metal nitrates[J]. AIChE Journal, 2020, 66(1):e16748. DOI:10.1002/aic.16748.
[21] Strobel R, Pratsinis S E.Effect of solvent composition on oxide morphology during flame spray pyrolysis of metal nitrates[J]. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2011, 13(20): 9246-9252. DOI:10.1039/c0cp01416h.
[22] 吕国卫, 苟小龙. 重力对甲烷射流扩散火焰结构影响的数值模拟[J]. 燃烧科学与技术, 2025, 31(5): 507-516. DOI:10.11715/rskxjs.R202506011.
[23] Charest M R J, Groth C P T, Gülder Ö L. A numerical study on the effects of pressure and gravity in laminar ethylene diffusion flames[J]. Combustion and Flame, 2011, 158(10): 1933-1945. DOI:10.1016/j.combustflame.2011.02.022.

火焰合成多元前驱物单液滴燃烧微爆的实验单元设计与地面实验研究^*

Experimental unit design and ground experiments for flame synthesis of single-droplet combustion and microexplosion of multi-component precursors

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 0

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

访问统计

联系我们