可见光通信中IRS辅助的CRC碰撞隐蔽注入攻击

doi:10.7523/j.ucas.2026.039

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对可见光通信中循环冗余校验（CRC）保护链路缺乏定向完整性攻击研究的问题,本文首次提出一种智能反射面（IRS）辅助的CRC碰撞隐蔽注入攻击框架。在开关键控（OOK）/强度调制与直接检测（IM/DD）模型下,构建主—协作接收符号级攻击模型;在非负光强约束下,将攻击作用分解为0→1注入增强和1→0基于截获衰减的受控回填,其中受控回填通过弱回填约束实现。联合CRC碰撞构造、双模式IRS切换与波形—IRS协同优化,实现目标符号翻转并抑制协作检测统计量异常。仿真表明,所提方法的帧级攻击成功率和CRC校验通过率均为98%,整体检测率为8%。消融实验验证了双模式切换、比值偏差控制和弱回填机制的关键作用。

关键词: 可见光通信, 智能反射面, 隐蔽注入攻击, 循环冗余校验（CRC）, 协作检测

Abstract: Visible light communication (VLC) systems commonly employ cyclic redundancy check (CRC) to ensure frame integrity, yet targeted integrity attacks against CRC-protected VLC links remain largely unexplored. To the best of our knowledge, this paper presents the first intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-assisted CRC-collision covert injection framework for VLC systems. Under the on-off keying (OOK)/intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD) model, a symbol-level attack model is developed for a system consisting of a main receiver and a cooperative receiver. Subject to the non-negative optical intensity constraint, the attack action is decomposed into two physically realizable operations, namely injection enhancement for 0→1 flipping and interception-based attenuation with controlled backfill for 1→0 flipping, where the controlled backfill is implemented through a weak-backfill constraint. On this basis, CRC-collision construction, dual-mode IRS switching, and joint waveform-IRS optimization are integrated to realize targeted symbol manipulation while suppressing anomalies in cooperative detection statistics. Simulation results show that the proposed method achieves a frame-level attack success rate of 98%, with a CRC pass rate of 98% and an overall detection rate of 8%. Ablation studies further verify that dual-mode switching, ratio-deviation control, and the weak-backfill mechanism are all essential to maintaining both attack effectiveness and covertness. The proposed framework provides a tractable model for studying integrity-oriented stealth attacks in VLC systems and offers useful support for the design of corresponding detection and protection mechanisms.

Key words: visible light communication, intelligent reflecting surface, covert injection attack, cyclic redundancy check, cooperative detection

中图分类号:

TN929.1

司华来, 陈德元, 高绍帅, 张灿. 可见光通信中IRS辅助的CRC碰撞隐蔽注入攻击[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, DOI: 10.7523/j.ucas.2026.039.

SI Hualai, CHEN Deyuan, GAO Shaoshuai, ZHANG Can. IRS-assisted CRC-collision covert injection attack in visible light communication^*[J]. Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, DOI: 10.7523/j.ucas.2026.039.

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