基于MFF30方法的城市降雨径流初期冲刷效应

doi:10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2019.05.011

中国科学院大学学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 650-662.DOI: 10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2019.05.011

基于MFF₃₀方法的城市降雨径流初期冲刷效应

李琪¹, 张娜^1,2, 罗英杰¹, 王昕¹, 景永才¹

1. 中国科学院大学资源与环境学院, 北京 101408;
2. 中国科学院怀柔生态环境综合观测研究站, 北京 101408

收稿日期:2018-03-15 修回日期:2018-05-29 发布日期:2019-09-15
通讯作者: 张娜
基金资助:
北京市自然科学基金重点项目（8181001）和中国科学院大学校部教师与研究所科研合作专项（Y65201NY00）资助

The first flush effect of urban rainfall runoff based on MFF₃₀ method

LI Qi¹, ZHANG Na^1,2, LUO Yingjie¹, WANG Xin¹, JING Yongcai¹

1. College of Resource and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China;
2. Huairou Eco-Environmental Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China

Received:2018-03-15 Revised:2018-05-29 Published:2019-09-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 合理判别降雨径流的初期冲刷效应，并研究初期冲刷效应的冲刷强度和影响因素，对城市雨洪管理和海绵城市建设具有重要意义。提出污染物初期冲刷率（MFF₃₀）（当产生前30%的地表径流时，累积污染负荷比例与累积径流比例的比值）的5级分类标准。通过测定北京地区不同量级的降雨事件中不同特征子汇水小区的地表径流及其水质，分析影响TSS、COD和TN这3种污染物冲刷强度的降雨和下垫面因素。结果表明，MFF₃₀的5级分类标准可用于准确地定量判别和比较初期冲刷效应。在其他降雨或下垫面条件近似的情况下，前期干燥天数、雨强的动态变化、子汇水小区的漫流宽度和坡度，和交通流量对初期冲刷效应有很大影响。

关键词: 地表径流水质, 前期干燥天数, 雨强动态变化, 下垫面类型, 下垫面地表特征

Abstract: It is of great significance to reasonably discriminate the first flush effect of rainfall runoff, scientifically evaluate the flushing strength, and explore the factors influencing the first flush effect. In the present study, the corrected five-level classification criteria of MFF₃₀ (the ratio of cumulative pollution load ratio to cumulative runoff ratio when the top 30% of surface runoff occurs) were developed. Overland flow processes and runoff water quality were measured within the seven different subcatchments during the seven rainfall events in Beijing, and the factors that influenced the TSS, COD, and TN flushing strengths were analyzed. The results showed that the first flush effects could be explicitly quantified and compared by using the corrected MFF₃₀ method. If other precipitation or underlying surface conditions were similar, antecedent dry days, dynamic variation in rainfall intensity, surface slope and width of the subcatchment, and traffic flow greatly made the impact on the first flush effect.

Key words: surface runoff water quality, antecedent dry days, dynamic variation in rainfall intensity, underlying surface type, underlying surface characteristics

中图分类号:

TU992

李琪, 张娜, 罗英杰, 王昕, 景永才. 基于MFF₃₀方法的城市降雨径流初期冲刷效应[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2019, 36(5): 650-662.

LI Qi, ZHANG Na, LUO Yingjie, WANG Xin, JING Yongcai. The first flush effect of urban rainfall runoff based on MFF₃₀ method[J]. , 2019, 36(5): 650-662.

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基于MFF₃₀方法的城市降雨径流初期冲刷效应

The first flush effect of urban rainfall runoff based on MFF₃₀ method

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