中国晚白垩世——古新世孢粉区系的研究

中国科学院大学学报

中国晚白垩世——古新世孢粉区系的研究

孙湘君

(中国科学院植物研究所古植物室)

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1979-08-18 发布日期:1979-08-18
通讯作者: 孙湘君

Palynofloristical investigation on the late Cretaceous and Paleocene of China

Sun Xiang-Jun

(Palaeobotanical Laboratory, Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica)

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1979-08-18 Published:1979-08-18
Contact: Sun Xiang-Jun

摘要/Abstract

Abstract:

As late cretaceous and Paleocene was an important stage in the evolution of

angiosperms, so studies on flora of this periiod are of great significance. In recent

years many palynological data of late Cretaceous and Paleocene have been recorded

from different parts of China, especially the Southeastern China. An attempt is made

here to allow deductions regarding the problem of existence of some palynological

provinces during this period in China. Three provinces may be divided as follows.

I. The wet subtropical and warm-temperate palynofioristical province of north-

eastern China. During late Cretaceous, this palynoflora was marked by occurrence

of Aquilapollenites, Mancieorpus, Fibrapollis and Wodehouseia. Aquilapollenites amplus,

A. crassus, A. megaprojeetus, A. asper, A. affenatus A. alatus, Mancieorpus andaensis,

FiburapaUis mirifieus and Wodehouseia oeulata ...... are noted.

Besides these eharacteriestic elements, there are many species of Proteaeiites and

some species of Beaupreaidites, Loranthacites, Quereoidites, Salixipollenites, Gothanipol-

lis, Plicapollis, Utmoideipites, Cranwellia, Alnipollenites and Trieolporopollenites. Gym-

nosperms pollen comprise Abietineaepollenites, Pinuspollenites, Cedripites, Taxodiaceae-

pollenites and Araueariacites. Sehizaeoisporites are very rich in species and numbers.

Polypodiaceoisporites, Osmundacidites and Cyathidites are rarely Maud.

Paleocene palynoflora is characterized by scantiness or absence of Aquilapollenites

and Wodehouseia. Paraalnipollenites eonfusus, P. orthoeostatus, BetulaepoUenites pli

eoides and some species of Myricipites, Comptonia and Momipites are predominant.

These pollen may be related to Betulaceae, Juglandaceae and Myricaseae. Taxodiaceae-

pollenites, Cedripites and Podoearpidites are commen,

It reflects that during late Cretaceous the flora was wet and subtropical, but in

Paleocene, it turned to be wet and warm-temperate. According to the abundanee of

Aquilapollenites and Wodehouseia, this palynoflora may belong to the Eastern Asian-

Western North American Paly-nofioristical Province.

II. Arid subtropical palynofioristieal province of South China.

During late-Cretaceous this palynofiora comprises Morinopollenites Wang & Zhao

(M. normalis, M. minor, M. polyprojeetus, M. rhombiformis) and Janhangpollis Wang

& Zhao (J. radiatus, J. arciformis, J. sayaxngensis, J. ringes, J. mikros). Besides this,

species of Proteacidites, Beaupreaidites, Myoporumpollenites, Crassimarginpollenites,

Cranwellia, Magnolipollis, Rutaceoipollenites, Ilexpollenites, Symplocospollenites, Nyssa-

pollenites, Palmaepollenites and Chenopodipollis were recorded. Classopollis, Exessi-

pollenites and Rugubivesieulites were abundant in this assemblage. Aquilapollenites is

rarely recorded, except along the coast region of eastern China.

In paleocene some species of Nanlingpollis Sun & He, Pentapollenites jiangsiensis,

Tricolporopollenites rombicus and Sapotaceoidaepollenitess trieoloporatus are recorded,

but Morinopollenites and Janhanpollis were unknown. Ulmoideipites, Ulmipollenites,

Ephedripites and some verrucate spores (Pterisispora) were very abundant. According

to the feature of the pouch assemblages, the flora of South China during that time was

of arid subtropical in nature. It seems to be nothing to do with other palynofloristical

provinces in the world.

III. Arid subtropical palynofloristical province of Northwestern China.

Palynofiora of this period has been recorded from a few localities throughout this

area.

Normapolles group (Atlantopollis, Pseudoatlantopollis, Chaonopollenites, BasopoUis

and ExtratriporopoUenites), Proteacigites microverrucatus, Eehitriporites magnus and

Triatriapollenites echinatus were present. Besides that, Beaupreaidites, Rutaceoi-

pollenites, Lonicerapollis and Engelhardtioipollenits were also occurred. In gymnos-

perms Ephedripites and some disaccate pollen were abundant. The percentage of

Normapolles is increasing from east to west, while Proteaeidites is decreasing.

In Paleocene Nudopollis and Trudopollis of Normapolles group were present, while

Proteacidites 8issappeared.

The palynoflora of this province was of an arid and subtropical in nature, which

is somewhat in connection with the European-Eastern American Palynofloristical Pro-

vince by the presence of Normapolles.

孙湘君. 中国晚白垩世——古新世孢粉区系的研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.

Sun Xiang-Jun. Palynofloristical investigation on the late Cretaceous and Paleocene of China[J]. .