欢迎访问中国科学院大学学报,今天是

中国科学院大学学报

• •    下一篇

毛茛科人字果属的研究

傅德志   

  1. (中国科学院植物研究所,北京)
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1988-08-18 发布日期:1988-08-18
  • 通讯作者: 傅德志

A Study on Dichocarpum (Ranunculaceae)

Fu De-Zhi   

  1.  (Institute  of  Botany,  Academia Sinica, Beijing)
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1988-08-18 Published:1988-08-18
  • Contact: Fu De-Zhi

摘要:

本文对人字果属Dichocarpum W.T.Wang et Hsiao.的形态、花粉和染色体等性
    状,以及地理分布进行了系统研究。确认了该属在毛茛科Ranunculaceae中的地位,并认为可
    能与星果草属Asteropyrum Drumm.et Hutch.关系较密切, 证实了该属内存在三沟和散沟两
    种花粉类型。该属的染色体基数可能为x=6,产于东亚大陆的种为4倍体,日本的种为6倍
    体,原始的2倍体种已灭绝。中国西部山地可能为该属的分布中心,日本的种可能是在第三纪
由中国大陆迁移过去的。本文按该属内各种之间可能的亲缘关系,作出了系统排列。

关键词: 人字果属, 花粉, 染色体, 系统, 分类, 分布

Abstract:

The genus Dichocarpum was established by W. T. Wang and Hsiao in 1964, who
divided the genus into 2 sections: Sect. Dichocarpum including 10 species distributed on the
mainland of E. Asia, and Sect. Hutchinsonia including 9 species native to Japan. M. Tamura
and L. A. Lauener made a revision of the genus in 1968, who divided the genus into 4 sec-
tions, three for the species of the mainland of E. Asia, including 3 series and 10 species, and
the other for the species of Japan, including 2 subsections, 3 series and 9 species.  In the pre-
sent paper, the genus is divided into 2 sections and 6 series, including 15 species and 3 varie-
ties, and a putative phylogeny of the genus is proposed.  The genus may be close to the genus
Asteropyrum, and these two genera are rather specialized in Thalictroides  (Ranunculaceae),
because they have three very similar characters: the petal with a long claw, the stephanocolpate
pollen and the chromosome morphology.  The genus has 2n=24, 35(36?), which indicates that
its basic number is X=6, and the species on the mainland of E. Asia (Sect. Dichocarpum)
may well be paleotetraploids, whereas those in Japan (sect. Hutchinsonia) are paleohexap-
loids.  Most of the advanced species are distributed in Japan and the most primitive ones in
China and the Himalayas, the distribution pattern seggests that the Japanese members of this
 genus might have immigrated from China in the Tertiary, and differentiated  and  evolved
there.  The putative phylogeny of the genus is shown in Fig. 2 (at series level)

Key words: Dichocarpum, Pollen, Chromosome number, System, Classification, Distribution