中国姜科植物花粉形态研究--花粉类型与该科植物分类

中国科学院大学学报

中国姜科植物花粉形态研究--花粉类型与该科植物分类

梁元徽

(中国科学院华南植物研究所)

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1988-08-18 发布日期:1988-08-18
通讯作者: 梁元徽

Pollen Morphology of the Family Zingiberaceae in China—Pollen Types and Their Significance in the Taxonomy

Liang Yuan-Hui

(South China Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica)

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1988-08-18 Published:1988-08-18
Contact: Liang Yuan-Hui

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文报道在光学显微镜与扫描电镜下，对中国姜科Zingiberaceae中的2亚科(姜亚科、

闭鞘姜亚科)、3族、18属、89种、3变种植物花粉形态的观察结果。根据萌发孔的有无，将本

科的植物花粉分成两大类型，无萌发孔型和具萌发孔型。根据花粉粒形状、大小及萌发孔的类

型和外壁表面纹饰的不同，在两大类型中又区分为6亚型和2组。在无萌发孔类型中有：光

滑亚型、具刺亚型(内分短刺组和长刺组)、具条纹亚型和具脑皱状-负网状亚型，在具萌发孔类

型中有具沟-孔混合亚型及具散孔亚型。本文从花粉学的观点，对科内某些分类群的划分进行

了讨论。

关键词: 花粉形态, 姜科, 闭鞘姜科

Abstract:

Pollen morphology of 89 species and 3 varieties belonging to 18 genera (out of

150 spcies in 20 genera) of Zingiberaceae in China was studied under both light microscope

and scanning electron microscope.

Pollen grains of Zingiberaceae are spherical, subspherical, ovoid and prolate, 36-225 μm

in size, nonaperturate or aperturate (spiraperturate, porate). Pollen grains are almost not

resistant to acetolysis. The wall is composed of a very thin exine and a thick intine. The

exine is psilate, spinate, cerebelloid-areolate, striate, verrucate and foveolate.

According to the presence or the absence of aperture and differential ornamentations, two

types and six subtypes are recognized:

I. The type Nonaperturate: (85 species and 3 varieties in 18 genera). Four subtypes can

be recognized within the type based on the characteristics of the exine sculpture. These are:

(1) The subtype Psilate, in which, the exine is nearly smooth (including: Hedychium, Curcu-

ma, Kaempferia, Caulokaempferia coenobilis, Boesenbergia rotunda, Stahlianthus, Amomum com-

pactum, Etingera, Hornstedtis, Rhynchanthus). (2) The subtype Spinate, which comprises two

groups: (A) The group Short-spinate, pollen grains with smaller spines (Globba), (B) The

group Long-spinate, pollen grains with longer spines (Alpinia, Amomum, Plagiostachys, Ros-

coea, Cautleya, Boesenbergia fallax, Caulokaempferia yunnanensis). (3) The subtype Cerebl-

loid-areolate, pollen grains of which are spherical or subspherical, with cerebelloid sculpture

(Zingiber Sect. Zingiber). (4) The subtype Striate, pollen grains of which are prolate or olive-

shaped, and striate (Zingiber Setc. Cryptanthium).

II. The type Aperturate, in which pollen grains are acetilysis-resistant and possess dis-

tinct apertures (mixed colpate-porate or forate), including two subtypes: (1)The subtype Mixed

colpate and Porate. Pollen grains are both 3-colpate and 1-3-porate, and usually with one

long spiral, two short (straight or slightly curved) colpi and 1-3-poris. The exine is verrucate

or not, nearly sinuolate (Costus speciosus, C. tonkinensis, C. lacerus). (2) The subtype porate,

whose grains are 6-8-porate and exine is foveolate (Costus megalobractea).

The taxonomic significance of the pollen types in the family Zingiberaceae is also discus-

sed.

Key words: Pollen morphology, Zingiberaceae, Costaceae

梁元徽. 中国姜科植物花粉形态研究--花粉类型与该科植物分类[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.

Liang Yuan-Hui. Pollen Morphology of the Family Zingiberaceae in China—Pollen Types and Their Significance in the Taxonomy[J]. .

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