芍药属的研究(1)--国产几个野生种核型的报道

中国科学院大学学报

芍药属的研究(1)--国产几个野生种核型的报道

1洪德元,1 张志宪, 2朱相云

<SPAN lang=EN-US style=

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1988-02-18 发布日期:1988-02-18
通讯作者: 洪德元

Studies on the Genus Paeonia (1)—Report of Karyotypes of Some Wild Species in China

1Hong De-Yuan, 1Zhang Zhi-Xian, 2Zhu Xiang-Yun

1(lnstitute of Botany, Academia Sinica, Beijing)
2(Northwest lnstitute of Botany, Shaanxi)

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1988-02-18 Published:1988-02-18
Contact: Hong De-Yuan

摘要/Abstract

关键词: 芍药属, 核型, 细胞分类, 芍药组, 牡丹组

Abstract:

In the present paper 8 species with 15 populations of the genus Paeonia L. (if P.

papaveracea and P. japonica are recognised as species) were collected from Sichuan, Shaanxi

and Hebei provinces (see the Appendix for detail of the materials). The micrographs of their

somatic metaphase (also Mii in the case of P.veitchii) are shown in Plates 1-4, the karyo-

type formulae, ranges of chromosome length and classification of karyotypes according to Steb-

bins (1971) are shown in Table 5: the idiograms in Figs. 1-2, and the parameters of chromo-

somes in Table 1-4. The essential points are mentioned as follows:

(1) Chromosomes of the various species in the section Modan have so far been examined

and they are all diploid, the two species in the section Onaepia are also diploid, and thus

tetraploids exist only in the section Paeonia.

(2) Chromosomes in the genus Paeonia are relatively stable except for the differentiation

of ploidy. The karyotypes (Table 1-4) show no differences among different taxa in Sect.

Modan and the same can also be said about the taxa in Sect. Paeonia (Table 1). Not only

are the karyotypes very similar, but also among the members within either section have the

same parameters of chromosomes, and, differences, if occur, are not statistically significant.

Between the two sections, however, the situation is different. The arm ratios of the first pairs of

chromosomes in Sect. Modan are 1.53, 1.52 and 1.48 (Table 1), but those in Sect. Paeonia

are 1.12-1.28 (Table 2-4), 95% confidence limits are 1.46-1.60 for the section Modan and

1.07-1.28 (1.21-1.35 only for PB85078) for the section Paeonia, not overlapping, which indi-

cates that the two sections have differentiated in respect of the first pairs of chromosomes.

(3)The population PB85024, which belongs to the P. obovata complex, has a karyotype of

2B (stebbins, 1971), which is a new one in the genus Paeonia. This karyotype is a stable one,

for several individuals in the population are uniform in this respect, which shows that Steb-

bins’ (1971) generalization that all the species in Paeonia have 2A does not hold true.

(4) Three populations of P. obovata complex studied in this work from Sichuan and

Shaanxi are all tetraploids, and one from Hebei is a diploid. From the present work and

the previcus reports, the materials from Japan and Korea, no matter whether flowers are pink

or white, are diploids, those from Heilongjiang Province (with both pink and white flowers)

(Liu Ming-yuan, personal communication) and from Heibei Province (with pink flowers)

in China are also diploids, the one from Sakhalin (pink flowers) is tetraploid, those from

Priamur of the Soviet Union are a tetraploid (with white flowers) and a diploid (with pink

flowers), and those from Shaanxi (the Qinling Range) and western Sichuan (with both pink

and white flowers) are all tetraploids. As far as we have now known, ploidy in this parti-

cular complex is correlated with the geographical distribution: diploids are found in the cen-

tral part, tetraploids occur in the northern limits, and in the south letraploids are the only

cytotype.

(5) The materials of P. mairei from western Sichuan and Shaanxi (the Qinling Range)

are found all to be tetraploids, which shows that two cytotypes, diploid and tetraploid, exist in

this species, but the geographical distribution pattern of these two cytotypes is to be revealed

in the future investigation.

洪德元, 张志宪, 朱相云. 芍药属的研究(1)--国产几个野生种核型的报道[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.

Hong De-Yuan, Zhang Zhi-Xian, Zhu Xiang-Yun. Studies on the Genus Paeonia (1)—Report of Karyotypes of Some Wild Species in China[J]. .

[1]	向建英成晓武素功 . 鳞毛蕨属13种的细胞分类学研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2006, 23(2): 170-182.
[2]	谢珍玉, 郑成木. 中国海南岛13种菊科植物的细胞学研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2003, 41(6): 545-552.
[3]	周志钦, 潘开玉, 洪德元. 芍药属牡丹组基于形态学证据的系统发育关系分析[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2003, 41(5): 436-446.
[4]	杨亲二. 国产毛茛科银莲花族十七种植物的细胞学研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2002, 40(5): 396-405.
[5]	李玉阁,郭卫红,吴伯骥. 国产七种和一变种兰属植物的核型研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2002, 40(5): 406-413.
[6]	杨亲二. 国产12种乌头属和18种翠雀属植物的细胞学研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2001, 39(6): 502-514.
[7]	杨亲二. 国产毛茛属11种及其4个近缘属5种植物的细胞学研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2001, 39(5): 405-422.
[8]	何兴金,许介眉. 中国葱属单生组4种植物的核型研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2001, 39(5): 423-432.
[9]	杨亲二. 云南西北部毛茛属一新种——文采毛茛及其核型[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2000, 38(6): 551-556.
[10]	孔宏智,刘建全. 中国特有属——羽叶点地梅属的细胞学研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1999, 37(5): 445-450.
[11]	洪德元,潘开玉. 芍药属牡丹组的分类历史和分类处理[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1999, 37(4): 351-368.
[12]	王彦红, 马金双, 刘全儒. 八种国产大戟属植物的核型报道[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1999, 37(4): 394-402.
[13]	邹喻苹,蔡美琳,王子平. 芍药属牡丹组的系统学研究——基于RAPD分析[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1999, 37(3): 220-227.
[14]	朱世梅,许介眉. 葱属薤白的核型分化[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1999, 37(3): 269-278.
[15]	景望春,许介眉,杨蕾. 葱属宽叶组植物细胞分类学研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 1999, 37(1): 20-34.