四川早泥盆世植物群的研究

中国科学院大学学报

四川早泥盆世植物群的研究

耿宝印

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1992-05-18 发布日期:1992-05-18
通讯作者: 耿宝印

Studies on Early Devonian Flora of Sichuan

Geng Bao-Yin

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1992-05-18 Published:1992-05-18
Contact: Geng Bao-Yin

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文首次系统地记述了四川下泥盆统平驿铺组的植物化石，共计9属13种，其中包括一个新属

和三个新种。它们分属于苔藓植物(?)和早期维管植物的四大类(Rhyoiophytina、Zosterophyllo-phytina，

Trimerophytina和Lycophytina)。根据植物组合的面貌，还讨论了平驿铺组的地质时代相当

于欧洲的西根期(Siegenian)，并可能包括部分吉丁期(Gedinnian)和最早的埃姆斯期(Emsian)。

关键词: 早泥盆世, 维管植物, 形态特征

Abstract:

An Early Devonian flora from the Pingyiqu Formation of northern Sichuan is

described. It contains 13 species in 9 genera. They are Eogaspesiea gracilis, Uskiella sp.,

Zosterophyllum myretonianum, Z.yunnanicum, Z.sichuanense sp.nov., Oricilla unilateralis

sp.nov., Hicklingia cf.edwardii, Psilophyton sp., Drepanophycus spinaetormis, D.spinosus,

D.sp., Leclercqia complexa, and Sciadocillus cuneifidus gen.et sp.nov. The geologic range of

the flora is inferred to be Siegenian (probably Upper Gedinnian-Siegenian).

Sciadocillus gen.nov. (Marchantiales?)

Diagnosis: Thalli flattened, composed of a central disc-like structure and radiating

wedge-shaped unbranched lobes. Sporangium-like reproductive organs round to elliptic, at-

tached to the upper surface and along the edges of the lobes. Spores trilete.

Type species: Sciadocillus cuneifidus

Sciadocillus cuneifidus sp.nov.

Thallus, 4.2mm in diameter, consists of a central disc-like structure, about 1.0mm in di-

ameter, bearing 14 unbranched lobes. Lobes wedge-shaped, 1.5-1.75mm long , 0.75-

0.83mm wide at the apex and 0.25mm at the base. Sporangium-like reproductive organs

round to elliptic, 0.45-0.50mm long and about 0.4mm wide, without stalks. Spores,

spheroidal to subspheroidal, 20-40μm in diameter, trilete, exine smooth, sometimes folded.

Holotype: Plate 7:53, 54 (counterpart).

Locality: Approximately 800m, in northwest Yanmenba Village, Jiangyou, Sichuan.

Horizon: Lower part of Pingyipu Formation (Upper Gedinnian-Siegenian).

Zosterophyllum Penhallow (1892) (Zosterophyllaceae)

Zosterophyllum sichuanense sp.nov.

Plant with smooth axes at least 57mm long, 1.6-2.0mm wide, branching unknown.

Fertile axes terminate in lax spikes, about 6.5mm wide; spikes with spirally arranged

sporangia, three to four gyres. Sporangia borne on stalks, 2.7-3.9mm long and 0.54-

0.81mm wide; stalks obliquely inserted on axis, gentely cured upwards, in profile often

C-shaped with adaxial margins of sporangia; stalk contain vascular strand. Sporangia

Fan-shaped, often folded in half and margins facing axis, almost triangular in side view,

sometimes obovate in abaxial view; dehiscense not observed.

Holotype: Plate 2:11.

Paratype: Plate 2:10, 14.

Locality: approximately 800m, northwest Yanmenba Village, Jiangyou, Sichuan.

Horizon: Pingyipu Formation (Siegenian).

Oricilla Gensel (1982) (Zosterophyllaceae)

Oricilla unilateralis sp.nov.

Plants erect. Naked axes at least 76mm long, 1.6-3.2mm wide, branching

dichotomous with branching angles 30-60°in fertile regions. Sporangia borne laterally

in one row on branches, located above bifurcation, oriented to inside of axis. Stalks not

observed. Sporangia probably attached by an extremely short stalk to axis at right angle.

Sporangia reniform to ellitical, 2.8-4.0mm wide (X=3.3mm), 2.0-2.5mm high (X

=2.3mm) , composed of two equal valves, dehiscent along distal margin. Spores

subcircular, trilete, 48-58μm, in diameter, smooth, with dark area at juncture of trilete

rays. Surface covered with tapetal residue.

Holotype: Plate 4: 28.

Paratype: Plate 4: 30-32.

Locality: Approximately 800 m northwest Yanmenba Village, Jiangyou, Sichuan.

Horizon: Pingyipu Formation (Siegenian).

Key words: Early Devonian, Vascular plants, Morphological character

耿宝印. 四川早泥盆世植物群的研究[J]. 中国科学院大学学报.

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